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{ "url_title": "Chiye Mori", "title_sort": "morichiye", "links": { "json": "http://encyclopedia.densho.org/api/0.1/articles/Chiye%20Mori/?format=api", "html": "http://encyclopedia.densho.org/Chiye%20Mori?format=api" }, "modified": "2024-04-11T17:09:26", "title": "Chiye Mori", "body": "<div class=\"mw-parser-output\">\n <div id=\"databox-PeopleDisplay\">\n <table class=\"infobox\" width=\"200px;\">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <th scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:left;\">\n Name\n </th>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n Chiye Mori\n </td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <th scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:left;\">\n Born\n </th>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n February 1 1915\n </td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <th scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:left;\">\n Died\n </th>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n May 20 2001\n </td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <th scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:left;\">\n Birth Location\n </th>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n Oregon\n </td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <th scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:left;\">\n Generational Identifier\n </th>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n <p>\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"/Nisei/\" title=\"Nisei\">\n Nisei\n </a>\n </p>\n </td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n <div id=\"databox-People\" style=\"display:none;\">\n <p>\n FirstName:Chiye;\nLastName:Mori;\nDisplayName:Chiye Mori;\nBirthDate:1915-02-01;\nDeathDate:2001-05-20;\nBirthLocation:Oregon;\nGender:Female;\nEthnicity:JA;\nGenerationIdentifier:Nisei;\nNationality:;\nExternalResourceLink:;\nPrimaryGeography:;\nReligion:;\n </p>\n </div>\n <p>\n Loretta Chiye Mori was a poet and journalist who contributed regular columns and articles to numerous Southern California Japanese American publications including the\n <i>\n Kashu Mainchi\n </i>\n and the\n <i>\n Rafu Shimpo\n </i>\n and was a central figure in the formation of a Nisei literary coterie in prewar Los Angeles. During World War II, she served as an editor of the\n <i>\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"/Manzanar_Free_Press_(newspaper)/\" title=\"Manzanar Free Press (newspaper)\">\n Manzanar Free Press\n </a>\n </i>\n newspaper.\n </p>\n <div aria-labelledby=\"mw-toc-heading\" class=\"toc\" id=\"toc\" role=\"navigation\">\n <input class=\"toctogglecheckbox\" id=\"toctogglecheckbox\" role=\"button\" style=\"display:none\" type=\"checkbox\"/>\n <div class=\"toctitle\" dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">\n <h2 id=\"mw-toc-heading\">\n Contents\n </h2>\n <span class=\"toctogglespan\">\n <label class=\"toctogglelabel\" for=\"toctogglecheckbox\">\n </label>\n </span>\n </div>\n <ul>\n <li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-1\">\n <a class=\"\" href=\"#Early_Life_and_Literary_Endeavors\">\n <span class=\"tocnumber\">\n 1\n </span>\n <span class=\"toctext\">\n Early Life and Literary Endeavors\n </span>\n </a>\n </li>\n <li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-2\">\n <a class=\"\" href=\"#Manzanar\">\n <span class=\"tocnumber\">\n 2\n </span>\n <span class=\"toctext\">\n Manzanar\n </span>\n </a>\n </li>\n <li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-3\">\n <a class=\"\" href=\"#Post_War_Life_and_Career\">\n <span class=\"tocnumber\">\n 3\n </span>\n <span class=\"toctext\">\n Post War Life and Career\n </span>\n </a>\n </li>\n <li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-4\">\n <a class=\"\" href=\"#For_More_Information\">\n <span class=\"tocnumber\">\n 4\n </span>\n <span class=\"toctext\">\n For More Information\n </span>\n </a>\n </li>\n <li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-5\">\n <a class=\"\" href=\"#Footnotes\">\n <span class=\"tocnumber\">\n 5\n </span>\n <span class=\"toctext\">\n Footnotes\n </span>\n </a>\n </li>\n </ul>\n </div>\n <div class=\"section\" id=\"Early_Life_and_Literary_Endeavors\">\n <h2>\n <span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Early_Life_and_Literary_Endeavors\">\n Early Life and Literary Endeavors\n </span>\n </h2>\n <div class=\"section_content\">\n <p>\n Mori was born to Sakiyo and Yoritaro (Yositaro) Mori on February 1, 1915, in Gresham, Oregon. By 1930, her mother had remarried to a man named Jujiro Suzuki, and the Suzukis raised Chiye in Long Beach, California. From an early age, Mori's artistic and literary talents were recognized and encouraged through student publications at Long Beach Polytechnical High School, where she graduated along with fellow Nisei writer,\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"/Larry_Tajiri/\" title=\"Larry Tajiri\">\n Larry Tajiri\n </a>\n . As a teenager, she wrote a regular column in Los Angeles'\n <i>\n Kashu Mainichi\n </i>\n daily newspaper entitled \"Philosophical Hash\" under the byline \"Loretta C. Mori,\" starting around 1932, and another column beginning in 1933 called \"Emblems,\" on poetics. She was a regular contributor to the\n <i>\n Kashu Mainichi'\n </i>\n s literary section, publishing poetry (her preferred form was modern free verse) and essays that occasionally explored the political issues faced by her Nisei peers. Her talent was not limited to one artform: she also contributed pencil illustrations to the\n <i>\n Kashu Mainichi\n </i>\n ; her eye for strong graphic design would re-emerge in her postwar career. At the time that Mori contributed to the\n <i>\n Kashu Mainichi\n </i>\n , Larry Tajiri was the editor of its English section, and on Sundays he also published a \"literary\" page featuring the writings of aspiring Nisei literati.\n </p>\n <p>\n In March 1933, she married Issei writer Bunichi Kagawa, following a courtship that was fed by an exchange of poems, and moved to the San Francisco Bay Area where he resided. But the marriage did not last long. By 1934, she was back in Los Angeles. In October 1934, she and ten other writers gathered for dinner to discuss the formation of a Nisei literary organization.\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"/Mary_Oyama_Mittwer/\" title=\"Mary Oyama Mittwer\">\n Mary Oyama\n </a>\n , fellow writer, columnist and poet, wrote about the occasion, \"For the first time ever, creative nisei writers sat down together at one table.\"\n <sup class=\"reference\" id=\"cite_ref-ftnt_ref1_1-0\">\n <a class=\"\" href=\"#cite_note-ftnt_ref1-1\">\n [1]\n </a>\n </sup>\n Among those present with Mary Oyama were Chiye Mori, Bunichi Kagawa (the sole Issei), Teru Izumida, Carl Kondo, Lillie Oyama (Mary's younger sister), Lucile Morimoto, Margaret Uchiyamada, Larry Tajiri, Ellen Thun (a second generation Korean American poet) and James Shinkai.\n <sup class=\"reference\" id=\"cite_ref-ftnt_ref2_2-0\">\n <a class=\"\" href=\"#cite_note-ftnt_ref2-2\">\n [2]\n </a>\n </sup>\n By 1940, their organization would be known as the Nisei Writers Group, which provided a vehicle for publishing articles, fiction, poems, artwork and essays as well as promoting Nisei networks. They collectively decided to put out a bi-monthly literary magazine titled\n <i>\n Leaves\n </i>\n , to feature their literary output, which was overseen by an editorial board of Mori, Mary Oyama,\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"/Yasuo_Sasaki/\" title=\"Yasuo Sasaki\">\n Yasuo Sasaki\n </a>\n , and Carl Kondo. The magazine was mimeographed, hand-bound, and distributed to a small list of paid subscribers, mostly in Southern California, but as far away as Seattle, Arizona, and Colorado. Some of the magazine's contributors were Mori,\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"/Toyo_Suyemoto/\" title=\"Toyo Suyemoto\">\n Toyo Suyemoto\n </a>\n and Lucille Morimoto who wrote poetry, and writers Eiji Tanabe, Ambrose Uchiyamada, Larry Tajiri, Mary Oyama, Bunichi Kagawa, Edo Mita, Carl Kondo and Yasuo Sasaki. According to Nisei writer and journalist\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"/Bill_Hosokawa/\" title=\"Bill Hosokawa\">\n Bill Hosokawa\n </a>\n , \"They wrote short stories and sketches about everyday Nisei life, and also translated contemporary Japanese literature. The poems were mostly romantic, reflecting both general and Nisei emotional reactions to the problems facing young people. Remarkably, few were morbid.\"\n <sup class=\"reference\" id=\"cite_ref-ftnt_ref3_3-0\">\n <a class=\"\" href=\"#cite_note-ftnt_ref3-3\">\n [3]\n </a>\n </sup>\n In 1938, Mori married for a second time, this time to writer and actor Edward Kamiyama, aka Edo Mita, who was the son of a well-known Japanese silent film actor named Sojin Kamiyama (aka Mitsugu Mita). In addition to writing poetry and other literary forms, Mori supported herself working as a cosmetics demonstrator to Nisei women.\n <sup class=\"reference\" id=\"cite_ref-ftnt_ref4_4-0\">\n <a class=\"\" href=\"#cite_note-ftnt_ref4-4\">\n [4]\n </a>\n </sup>\n </p>\n </div>\n </div>\n <div class=\"section\" id=\"Manzanar\">\n <h2>\n <span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Manzanar\">\n Manzanar\n </span>\n </h2>\n <div class=\"section_content\">\n <p>\n As tensions between the United States and Japan increased, Mori joined the liberal Democratic Club, which was also known as the Nisei Young Democrats.\n <sup class=\"reference\" id=\"cite_ref-ftnt_ref5_5-0\">\n <a class=\"\" href=\"#cite_note-ftnt_ref5-5\">\n [5]\n </a>\n </sup>\n In 1942, with the issuing of\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"/Executive_Order_9066/\" title=\"Executive Order 9066\">\n Executive Order 9066\n </a>\n , Mori was forcibly removed from her home in Los Angeles. Her husband Edo Mita was sent to the\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"/Hillcrest_Sanitarium/\" title=\"Hillcrest Sanitarium\">\n Hillcrest Sanitarium\n </a>\n due his having contracted tuberculosis, so she went with her mother and stepfather to\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"/Manzanar/\" title=\"Manzanar\">\n Manzanar\n </a>\n (under the name Chiye Mita, registered with her mother Sakiyo and stepfather Jujiro Henry Suzuki). The\n <i>\n Manzanar Free Press\n </i>\n , the concentration camp's bi-weekly newspaper (which later grew to a tri-weekly publication), debuted on April 11, 1942, and rotated editorship with each of the three weekly issues. Beginning with the July 22, 1942 issue, Chiye Mori is listed as editor of the paper. An interview with\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"/Sue_Kunitomi_Embrey/\" title=\"Sue Kunitomi Embrey\">\n Sue Embrey\n </a>\n (who would succeed Mori as editor of the\n <i>\n Free Press\n </i>\n in 1943) reveals how watching Mori at work made such an impression on her: \"I marveled because she was smoking and swearing. One time I heard her say to a guy: 'How come you didn't bring me a bottle of whiskey? A Nisei woman who smoked and swore and drank whiskey! Most Nisei around her age, 22 or 23, were very conservative.\"\n <sup class=\"reference\" id=\"cite_ref-ftnt_ref6_6-0\">\n <a class=\"\" href=\"#cite_note-ftnt_ref6-6\">\n [6]\n </a>\n </sup>\n </p>\n <p>\n On December 5, 1942,\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"/Fred_Tayama/\" title=\"Fred Tayama\">\n Fred Tayama\n </a>\n , a\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"/Japanese_American_Citizens_League/\" title=\"Japanese American Citizens League\">\n Japanese American Citizens League\n </a>\n (JACL) leader, was attacked and seriously injured at Manzanar. When\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"/Harry_Ueno/\" title=\"Harry Ueno\">\n Harry Ueno\n </a>\n , a vocal critic of the JACL, was arrested for the attack, a center wide uprising ensued. For twenty days, the\n <i>\n Manzanar Free Press\n </i>\n was shut down entirely, with publishing resuming after the incident on Christmas Day, December 25, 1942. That issue of the newspaper does not mention the attack on Tayama, or the subsequent arrests, or military police shootings. Following this upheaval, staff members of the\n <i>\n Free Press\n </i>\n were threatened and Mori, who was politically anti-JACL, was warned several times to quit her job. In an letter dated December 12 that was appended to the \"Project Director's Final Report,\" it was reported that \"After every editorial, strongly pro-American editor Mori would receive threatening letters and warnings.\"\n <sup class=\"reference\" id=\"cite_ref-ftnt_ref7_7-0\">\n <a class=\"\" href=\"#cite_note-ftnt_ref7-7\">\n [7]\n </a>\n </sup>\n </p>\n </div>\n </div>\n <div class=\"section\" id=\"Post_War_Life_and_Career\">\n <h2>\n <span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Post_War_Life_and_Career\">\n Post War Life and Career\n </span>\n </h2>\n <div class=\"section_content\">\n <p>\n Mori was released from Manzanar on February 23, 1943. According to the WRA Final Accountability Report for Manzanar, she went to Chicago, Illinois. Mori eventually moved to New York, where she met economist Harry T. Oshima, whom she married in 1950. Oshima was at Columbia University obtaining his Ph.D, and the couple had two sons, Neal and Evin Oshima. In New York, she held the position of editor of a new publication entitled\n <i>\n The Nisei Weekender\n </i>\n , described as \"a very lively community paper\" with the purpose of disseminating news \"for and of the Nisei New Yorker.\"\n <i>\n The Nisei Weekender\n </i>\n debuted on December 28, 1945, under the management of Nisei Press Associates, whose chairman was Mori's husband. A few months later, ownership of the paper shifted to the Japanese American News Corporation (which also issued the weekly Japanese vernacular, the\n <i>\n Hokubei Shimpo.\n </i>\n ) Under the new ownership, Mori became managing editor.\n <sup class=\"reference\" id=\"cite_ref-ftnt_ref8_8-0\">\n <a class=\"\" href=\"#cite_note-ftnt_ref8-8\">\n [8]\n </a>\n </sup>\n Following his association with Nisei Press Associates and role as editorial advisor for\n <i>\n The Nisei Weekender\n </i>\n , Oshima took the position of assistant professor of economics at American University in Washington D.C. Both Mori and Oshima were active members of the New York chapter of\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"/Nisei_Progressives/\" title=\"Nisei Progressives\">\n Nisei Progressives\n </a>\n , a national political organization that formed in 1947 to support Henry Wallace as a third party U.S. presidential candidate for the Progressive Party. As a result of the Nisei Progressives' advocacy, the Progressive Party went on record in favor of reparations for former WWII American concentration camp survivors, repeal of discriminatory laws against Japanese aliens, elimination of housing discrimination, equal immigration and naturalization rights, and other issues that were made part of the party's platform. In April 1948, Mori was one of two Japanese Americans delegated to attend a national Wallace-For-President conference held in Chicago.\n <sup class=\"reference\" id=\"cite_ref-ftnt_ref9_9-0\">\n <a class=\"\" href=\"#cite_note-ftnt_ref9-9\">\n [9]\n </a>\n </sup>\n Additionally, in 1950, Mori edited\n <i>\n Bandwagon\n </i>\n , the mimeographed newsletter of the New York Nisei Progressives.\n </p>\n <p>\n After Oshima was hired as a lecturer and research associate at Stanford (1954-57,) the family relocated to California, thus beginning a period of travel, both domestically and internationally, as Oshima held positions as assistant professor of economics at the University of Washington, 1957-59; visiting research associate at a university in Tokyo, 1959-61; and economics professor at the University of Hawaii, 1961-73. Oshima also spent time in Singapore, Indonesia, and Thailand, before returning to Honolulu in his retirement.\n <sup class=\"reference\" id=\"cite_ref-ftnt_ref10_10-0\">\n <a class=\"\" href=\"#cite_note-ftnt_ref10-10\">\n [10]\n </a>\n </sup>\n </p>\n <p>\n In her postwar life, Mori established a highly successful career as a recognized artist and designer, specializing in pottery design, ceramics, batik dyeing on wood, and brass etching. For several years, she was a professor at the University of the Philippines in Diliman who helped in delivering study grants from non-government organizations in Japan and was one of the founders of the Product Development and Design Center of the Philippines (PDDCP).\n <sup class=\"reference\" id=\"cite_ref-ftnt_ref11_11-0\">\n <a class=\"\" href=\"#cite_note-ftnt_ref11-11\">\n [11]\n </a>\n </sup>\n </p>\n <p>\n Mori died at age 86 on May 15, 2001, in Honolulu, Hawai'i.\n </p>\n <div id=\"authorByline\">\n <b>\n Authored by\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"/Patricia_Wakida/\" title=\"Patricia Wakida\">\n Patricia Wakida\n </a>\n </b>\n </div>\n <div id=\"citationAuthor\" style=\"display:none;\">\n Wakida, Patricia\n </div>\n </div>\n </div>\n <div class=\"section\" id=\"For_More_Information\">\n <h2>\n <span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"For_More_Information\">\n For More Information\n </span>\n </h2>\n <div class=\"section_content\">\n <p>\n Hansen, Arthur, Betty E. Mitson and David A. Hacker. \"\n <a class=\"external text offsite\" href=\"http://content.cdlib.org/view?query=chiye+mori&docId=ft0p30026h&chunk.id=d0e14448&toc.depth=1&toc.id=0&brand=calisphere&x=0&y=0\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n An Interview with Togo W. Tanaka.\n </a>\n \" California State University, Fullerton\nOral History Program Japanese American Project, May 19, 1973.\n </p>\n <p>\n Matsumoto, Valerie J.\n <i>\n City Girls: The Nisei Social World in Los Angeles, 1920-1950\n </i>\n . New York: Oxford University Press, 2014.\n </p>\n <p>\n Serna, Danny. \"Plain Utopia: The Manzanar Free Press and the Suppression of the Internment Narrative.\"\n <i>\n The Yale Historical Review\n </i>\n 2.3 (Spring 2013): 24–36.\n </p>\n </div>\n </div>\n <div class=\"section\" id=\"Footnotes\">\n <h2>\n <span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Footnotes\">\n Footnotes\n </span>\n </h2>\n <div class=\"section_content\">\n <div class=\"reflist\" style=\"list-style-type: decimal;\">\n <div class=\"mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns\">\n <ol class=\"references\">\n <li id=\"cite_note-ftnt_ref1-1\">\n <span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\n <a class=\"\" href=\"#cite_ref-ftnt_ref1_1-0\">\n ↑\n </a>\n </span>\n <span class=\"reference-text\">\n Mary Oyama,\n <i>\n Kashu Mainichi\n </i>\n , Oct. 28, 1934.\n </span>\n </li>\n <li id=\"cite_note-ftnt_ref2-2\">\n <span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\n <a class=\"\" href=\"#cite_ref-ftnt_ref2_2-0\">\n ↑\n </a>\n </span>\n <span class=\"reference-text\">\n Valerie J. Matsumoto,\n <i>\n City Girls: The Nisei Social World in Los Angeles, 1920-1950\n </i>\n (Oxford University Press, 2014), 84.\n </span>\n </li>\n <li id=\"cite_note-ftnt_ref3-3\">\n <span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\n <a class=\"\" href=\"#cite_ref-ftnt_ref3_3-0\">\n ↑\n </a>\n </span>\n <span class=\"reference-text\">\n Bill Hosokawa,\n <i>\n Nisei: The Quiet Americans\n </i>\n (New York: Morrow, 1969), 174.\n </span>\n </li>\n <li id=\"cite_note-ftnt_ref4-4\">\n <span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\n <a class=\"\" href=\"#cite_ref-ftnt_ref4_4-0\">\n ↑\n </a>\n </span>\n <span class=\"reference-text\">\n Mary Nishi Ishizuka interview by Valerie Matsumoto, Aug. 4, 2009 cited in Matsumoto,\n <i>\n City Girls\n </i>\n , 64.\n </span>\n </li>\n <li id=\"cite_note-ftnt_ref5-5\">\n <span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\n <a class=\"\" href=\"#cite_ref-ftnt_ref5_5-0\">\n ↑\n </a>\n </span>\n <span class=\"reference-text\">\n Diane Meyers Bahr,\n <i>\n The Unnquiet Nisei: An Oral History of the Life of Sue Kunitomi Embrey\n </i>\n (New York: Palgraves Macmillan, 2007), 66.\n </span>\n </li>\n <li id=\"cite_note-ftnt_ref6-6\">\n <span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\n <a class=\"\" href=\"#cite_ref-ftnt_ref6_6-0\">\n ↑\n </a>\n </span>\n <span class=\"reference-text\">\n Bahr,\n <i>\n The Unnquiet Nisei\n </i>\n , 66.\n </span>\n </li>\n <li id=\"cite_note-ftnt_ref7-7\">\n <span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\n <a class=\"\" href=\"#cite_ref-ftnt_ref7_7-0\">\n ↑\n </a>\n </span>\n <span class=\"reference-text\">\n Robert L. Brown and Ralph P. Merritt, \"Project Director's Final Report,\" Appendix I, p. A65, Japanese American Evacuation and Resettlement Records, Bancroft Library, UC Berkeley BANC MSS 67/14 c, folder O1.05:1, accessed on Feb. 20, 2020 at\n <a class=\"external free offsite\" href=\"https://oac.cdlib.org/ark:/13030/k6vt207b/?brand=oac4\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n https://oac.cdlib.org/ark:/13030/k6vt207b/?brand=oac4\n </a>\n .\n </span>\n </li>\n <li id=\"cite_note-ftnt_ref8-8\">\n <span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\n <a class=\"\" href=\"#cite_ref-ftnt_ref8_8-0\">\n ↑\n </a>\n </span>\n <span class=\"reference-text\">\n Jobo Nakamura, \"Something of a Travelogue: A Nisei Tourist in Little Old New York,\"\n <i>\n Pacific Citizen\n </i>\n , Aug. 31, 1946, 5.\n </span>\n </li>\n <li id=\"cite_note-ftnt_ref9-9\">\n <span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\n <a class=\"\" href=\"#cite_ref-ftnt_ref9_9-0\">\n ↑\n </a>\n </span>\n <span class=\"reference-text\">\n <i>\n Pacific Citizen\n </i>\n , Apr. 17, 1948, 8.\n </span>\n </li>\n <li id=\"cite_note-ftnt_ref10-10\">\n <span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\n <a class=\"\" href=\"#cite_ref-ftnt_ref10_10-0\">\n ↑\n </a>\n </span>\n <span class=\"reference-text\">\n Harold Morse, Harry Oshima obituary,\n <i>\n Honolulu Star-Bulletin\n </i>\n , Mar. 18, 1998, accessed on Feb. 20, 2020 at\n <a class=\"external free offsite\" href=\"http://archives.starbulletin.com/98/03/18/news/obits.html\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n http://archives.starbulletin.com/98/03/18/news/obits.html\n </a>\n .\n </span>\n </li>\n <li id=\"cite_note-ftnt_ref11-11\">\n <span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\n <a class=\"\" href=\"#cite_ref-ftnt_ref11_11-0\">\n ↑\n </a>\n </span>\n <span class=\"reference-text\">\n \"Chiye Mori Design Library,\" Cebu Design Education Foundation, accessed on Feb. 20, 2020 at\n <a class=\"external free offsite\" href=\"https://cebudesign.wordpress.com/chiye-mori-design-library/\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n https://cebudesign.wordpress.com/chiye-mori-design-library/\n </a>\n .\n </span>\n </li>\n </ol>\n </div>\n </div>\n <!-- \nNewPP limit report\nCached time: 20240418160753\nCache expiry: 86400\nDynamic content: false\nComplications: []\nCPU time usage: 0.021 seconds\nReal time usage: 0.027 seconds\nPreprocessor visited node count: 287/1000000\nPost‐expand include size: 2013/2097152 bytes\nTemplate argument size: 204/2097152 bytes\nHighest expansion depth: 6/40\nExpensive parser function count: 0/100\nUnstrip recursion depth: 0/20\nUnstrip post‐expand size: 4600/5000000 bytes\nExtLoops count: 0\n-->\n <!--\nTransclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template)\n100.00% 19.280 1 -total\n 36.50% 7.038 1 Template:Databox-People\n 19.65% 3.788 1 Template:Reflist\n 7.70% 1.484 1 Template:Published\n 7.60% 1.465 1 Template:AuthorByline\n-->\n <!-- Saved in parser cache with key encycmw:pcache:idhash:1613-0!canonical and timestamp 20240418160752 and revision id 36149\n -->\n </div>\n </div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"toplink\">\n <a href=\"#top\">\n <i class=\"icon-chevron-up\">\n </i>\n Top\n </a>\n</div>", "categories": [ "http://encyclopedia.densho.org/api/0.1/categories/People/?format=api" ], "sources": [], "coordinates": {}, "authors": [ "http://encyclopedia.densho.org/api/0.1/authors/Patricia%20Wakida/?format=api" ], "ddr_topic_terms": [], "prev_page": "http://encyclopedia.densho.org/api/0.1/articles/Chiura%20Obata/?format=api", "next_page": "http://encyclopedia.densho.org/api/0.1/articles/Chiyoko%20Sakamoto/?format=api" }