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{ "url_title": "Florence (detention facility)", "title_sort": "florencedetentionfacility", "links": { "json": "http://encyclopedia.densho.org/api/0.1/articles/Florence%20(detention%20facility)/?format=api", "html": "http://encyclopedia.densho.org/Florence%20(detention%20facility)?format=api" }, "modified": "2021-07-06T21:31:09", "title": "Florence (detention facility)", "body": "<div class=\"mw-parser-output\">\n <div class=\"alert alert-info\">\n <p>\n <strong>\n We need your help!\n </strong>\n There is little available research or existing scholarship about the subject of this article. If you have information or sources that you can share, please help make the Encyclopedia better by contacting us at [email protected].\n </p>\n </div>\n <div id=\"databox-CampsDisplay\">\n <table class=\"infobox\" width=\"200px;\">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <th scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:left;\">\n US Gov Name\n </th>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n Florence Internment Camp\n </td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <th scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:left;\">\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"/Sites_of_incarceration/\" title=\"Sites of incarceration\">\n Facility Type\n </a>\n </th>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"/Sites_of_incarceration#U.S._Army_Internment_Camp/\" title=\"Sites of incarceration\">\n U.S. Army Internment Camp\n </a>\n </td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <th scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:left;\">\n Administrative Agency\n </th>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n U.S. Army\n </td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <th scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:left;\">\n Location\n </th>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n Florence, Arizona (33.0167 lat, -111.3833 lng)\n </td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <th scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:left;\">\n Date Opened\n </th>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n </td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <th scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:left;\">\n Date Closed\n </th>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n </td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <th scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:left;\">\n Population Description\n </th>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n Held prisoners of war and possibly some enemy aliens of Japanese descent\n </td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <th scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:left;\">\n General Description\n </th>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n Located in Florence, Arizona. Florence is northeast of Casa Grande Ruins National Monument, between Phoenix and Tucson in southern Arizona. Hot desert area with extreme summer temperatures.\n </td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <th scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:left;\">\n Peak Population\n </th>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n 343 (1942-05-04)\n </td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td colspan=\"2\" style=\"text-align:left;\">\n <a class=\"external text offsite\" href=\"http://www.nps.gov/parkhistory/online_books/anthropology74/ce17k.htm\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n National Park Service Info\n </a>\n </td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n <div id=\"databox-Camps\" style=\"display:none;\">\n <p>\n SoSUID:u-flor;\nDenshoName:Florence;\nUSGName:Florence Internment Camp;\nType:\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"/Sites_of_incarceration#U.S._Army_Internment_Camp/\" title=\"Sites of incarceration\">\n U.S. Army Internment Camp\n </a>\n ;\nAdminAgency:U.S. Army;\nDateOpened:;\nDateClosed:;\nLocationName:Florence, Arizona;\nCityName:Florence;\nStateName:AZ;\nDescription:Located in Florence, Arizona. Florence is northeast of Casa Grande Ruins National Monument, between Phoenix and Tucson in southern Arizona. Hot desert area with extreme summer temperatures.;\nGISLat:33.0167;\nGISLng:-111.3833;\nGISTGNId:7016521;\nCurrentDisposition:;\nPopulationDescription:Held prisoners of war and possibly some enemy aliens of Japanese descent;\nExitDestination:;\nPeakPopulation:343;\nPeakDate:1942-05-04;\nNPSMoreInfoResourceLink:\n <a class=\"external free offsite\" href=\"http://www.nps.gov/parkhistory/online_books/anthropology74/ce17k.htm\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n http://www.nps.gov/parkhistory/online_books/anthropology74/ce17k.htm\n </a>\n ;\nOfficialResourceLink:;\n </p>\n </div>\n <p>\n Camp Florence was a large POW camp located outside of Florence, Arizona. It opened in August 1942 to hold Italian POWs and later held Germans and Austrians. It had a peak population of 13,000.\n </p>\n <p>\n A chart showing the distribution of Japanese relief goods distributed to various Japanese American confinement sites in late 1943 published in\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"/Michi_Nishiura_Weglyn/\" title=\"Michi Nishiura Weglyn\">\n Michi Weglyn\n </a>\n 's\n <i>\n Years of Infamy\n </i>\n shows a small distribution to Camp Florence, suggesting that the camp also held persons of Japanese descent. A list of INS Temporary Detention Stations based on INS documents compiled by Tetsuden Kashima lists Florence, indicating that it was also used to hold enemy aliens, though it includes no additional information.\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"/Robert_F._Spencer/\" title=\"Robert F. Spencer\">\n Robert F. Spencer\n </a>\n , a researcher for the\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"/Japanese_American_Evacuation_and_Resettlement_Study/\" title=\"Japanese American Evacuation and Resettlement Study\">\n Japanese American Evacuation and Resettlement Study\n </a>\n , was mistakenly taken to Florence while trying to get to\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"/Gila_River/\" title=\"Gila River\">\n Gila River\n </a>\n in mid-August, 1942. He describes Florence as empty at that time and having \"high wire fences and with machine gun towers.\" Camp administrators told him that the camp was for POWs and for \"enemy aliens convicted of sabotage and espionage.\" No other information on persons of Japanese descent being held at Camp Florence could be found.\n <sup class=\"reference\" id=\"cite_ref-1\">\n <a class=\"\" href=\"#cite_note-1\">\n [1]\n </a>\n </sup>\n </p>\n <div id=\"authorByline\">\n <b>\n Authored by\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"/Brian_Niiya/\" title=\"Brian Niiya\">\n Brian Niiya\n </a>\n , Densho\n </b>\n </div>\n <div id=\"citationAuthor\" style=\"display:none;\">\n Niiya, Brian\n </div>\n <div class=\"section\" id=\"Footnotes\">\n <h2>\n <span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Footnotes\">\n Footnotes\n </span>\n </h2>\n <div class=\"section_content\">\n <div class=\"reflist\" style=\"list-style-type: decimal;\">\n <div class=\"mw-references-wrap\">\n <ol class=\"references\">\n <li id=\"cite_note-1\">\n <span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\n <a class=\"\" href=\"#cite_ref-1\">\n ↑\n </a>\n </span>\n <span class=\"reference-text\">\n Jeffery F. Burton, Mary M. Farrell, Florence B. Lord, and Richard W. Lord,\n <i>\n Confinement and Ethnicity: An Overview of World War II Japanese American Relocation Sites\n </i>\n (Seattle: University of Washington Press, 2002), 406; Michi Weglyn,\n <i>\n Years of Infamy: The Untold Story of America's Concentration Camps\n </i>\n (New York: William Morrow & Co., 1976), 176; Tetsuden Kashima,\n <i>\n Judgment Without Trial: Japanese American Imprisonment during World War II\n </i>\n (Seattle: University of Washington Press, 2002), 256n30; Robert F. Spencer, \"Diary report of visit to Gila,\" Aug. 15, 1942, Japanese American Evacuation and Resettlement Digital Archive, Bancroft Library, University of California at Berkeley, BANC MSS 67/14 c, folder K8.35, accessed on June 7, 2021 at\n <a class=\"external free offsite\" href=\"http://digitalassets.lib.berkeley.edu/jarda/ucb/text/cubanc6714_b165k08_0035.pdf\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n http://digitalassets.lib.berkeley.edu/jarda/ucb/text/cubanc6714_b165k08_0035.pdf\n </a>\n .\n </span>\n </li>\n </ol>\n </div>\n </div>\n <!-- \nNewPP limit report\nCached time: 20230521153435\nCache expiry: 86400\nDynamic content: false\nComplications: []\nCPU time usage: 0.014 seconds\nReal time usage: 0.019 seconds\nPreprocessor visited node count: 190/1000000\nPost‐expand include size: 3698/2097152 bytes\nTemplate argument size: 1148/2097152 bytes\nHighest expansion depth: 5/40\nExpensive parser function count: 0/100\nUnstrip recursion depth: 0/20\nUnstrip post‐expand size: 1259/5000000 bytes\nExtLoops count: 0\n-->\n <!--\nTransclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template)\n100.00% 14.707 1 -total\n 15.14% 2.226 1 Template:Reflist\n 12.28% 1.806 1 Template:Databox-Camps\n 8.80% 1.294 1 Template:Published\n 8.80% 1.294 1 Template:AuthorByline\n 8.46% 1.244 1 Template:needmoreinfo\n-->\n <!-- Saved in parser cache with key encycmw:pcache:idhash:1213-0!canonical and timestamp 20230521153435 and revision id 33882\n -->\n </div>\n </div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"toplink\">\n <a href=\"#top\">\n <i class=\"icon-chevron-up\">\n </i>\n Top\n </a>\n</div>", "categories": [ "http://encyclopedia.densho.org/api/0.1/categories/Camps/?format=api" ], "sources": [], "coordinates": {}, "authors": [ "http://encyclopedia.densho.org/api/0.1/authors/Brian%20Niiya/?format=api" ], "ddr_topic_terms": [ "https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/facet/topics/topics-432/objects/" ], "prev_page": "http://encyclopedia.densho.org/api/0.1/articles/Floating%20Home%20(short%20story)/?format=api", "next_page": "http://encyclopedia.densho.org/api/0.1/articles/Flowers%20from%20Mariko%20(book)/?format=api" }