Article
DOCUMENTATION GOES HERE.
GET /api/0.1/articles/Fort%20Lewis%20(detention%20facility)/?format=api
{ "url_title": "Fort Lewis (detention facility)", "title_sort": "fortlewisdetentionfacility", "links": { "json": "http://encyclopedia.densho.org/api/0.1/articles/Fort%20Lewis%20(detention%20facility)/?format=api", "html": "http://encyclopedia.densho.org/Fort%20Lewis%20(detention%20facility)?format=api" }, "modified": "2021-07-06T21:31:55", "title": "Fort Lewis (detention facility)", "body": "<div class=\"mw-parser-output\">\n <div class=\"alert alert-info\">\n <p>\n <strong>\n We need your help!\n </strong>\n There is little available research or existing scholarship about the subject of this article. If you have information or sources that you can share, please help make the Encyclopedia better by contacting us at [email protected].\n </p>\n </div>\n <div id=\"databox-CampsDisplay\">\n <table class=\"infobox\" width=\"200px;\">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <th scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:left;\">\n US Gov Name\n </th>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n Fort Lewis Internment Camp\n </td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <th scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:left;\">\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"/Sites_of_incarceration/\" title=\"Sites of incarceration\">\n Facility Type\n </a>\n </th>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"/Sites_of_incarceration#U.S._Army_Internment_Camp/\" title=\"Sites of incarceration\">\n U.S. Army Internment Camp\n </a>\n </td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <th scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:left;\">\n Administrative Agency\n </th>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n U.S. Army\n </td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <th scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:left;\">\n Location\n </th>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n Fort Lewis, Washington (47.1333 lat, -122.4833 lng)\n </td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <th scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:left;\">\n Date Opened\n </th>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n 1942\n </td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <th scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:left;\">\n Date Closed\n </th>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n March 30, 1943\n </td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <th scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:left;\">\n Population Description\n </th>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n Held people of Japanese descent from Alaska and the mainland U.S.; also held German and Italian nationals.\n </td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <th scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:left;\">\n General Description\n </th>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n Located within Fort Lewis Army Base, 17 miles south of Tacoma, Washington.\n </td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <th scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:left;\">\n Peak Population\n </th>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n 42 (1942-05-04)\n </td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td colspan=\"2\" style=\"text-align:left;\">\n <a class=\"external text offsite\" href=\"http://www.nps.gov/parkhistory/online_books/anthropology74/ce17.htm\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n National Park Service Info\n </a>\n </td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n <div id=\"databox-Camps\" style=\"display:none;\">\n <p>\n SoSUID:u-lewi;\nDenshoName:Fort Lewis;\nUSGName:Fort Lewis Internment Camp;\nType:\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"/Sites_of_incarceration#U.S._Army_Internment_Camp/\" title=\"Sites of incarceration\">\n U.S. Army Internment Camp\n </a>\n ;\nAdminAgency:U.S. Army;\nDateOpened:1942;\nDateClosed:March 30, 1943;\nLocationName:Fort Lewis, Washington;\nCityName:Fort Lewis;\nStateName:WA;\nDescription:Located within Fort Lewis Army Base, 17 miles south of Tacoma, Washington.;\nGISLat:47.1333;\nGISLng:-122.4833;\nGISTGNId:7016956;\nCurrentDisposition:;\nPopulationDescription:Held people of Japanese descent from Alaska and the mainland U.S.; also held German and Italian nationals.;\nExitDestination:;\nPeakPopulation:42;\nPeakDate:1942-05-04;\nNPSMoreInfoResourceLink:\n <a class=\"external free offsite\" href=\"http://www.nps.gov/parkhistory/online_books/anthropology74/ce17.htm\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n http://www.nps.gov/parkhistory/online_books/anthropology74/ce17.htm\n </a>\n ;\nOfficialResourceLink:;\n </p>\n </div>\n <p>\n Army base near Tacoma, Washington, at which a small number of Japanese Americans—most from Alaska—were briefly interned in 1942.\n </p>\n <p>\n Established as \"Camp Lewis\" in 1917, the base was named after Meriwether Lewis of the fabled Lewis & Clark expedition. It became \"Fort Lewis\" in 1927. Some 37,000 soldiers were housed there in the spring of 1941, including many Japanese Americans from the Pacific Northwest who had enlisted or had been drafted. After the attack on Pearl Harbor, the Nisei at Fort Lewis were disarmed and assigned menial work. Many eventually later joined the\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"/442nd_Regimental_Combat_Team/\" title=\"442nd Regimental Combat Team\">\n 442nd Regimental Combat Team\n </a>\n or\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"/Military_Intelligence_Service/\" title=\"Military Intelligence Service\">\n Military Intelligence Service\n </a>\n .\n <sup class=\"reference\" id=\"cite_ref-1\">\n <a class=\"\" href=\"#cite_note-1\">\n [1]\n </a>\n </sup>\n </p>\n <p>\n Some number of\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"/Issei/\" title=\"Issei\">\n Issei\n </a>\n men from Alaska were temporarily held at Fort Lewis in 1942. Tetsuden Kashima writes that fifty-five such internees were sent to Fort Lewis, with all but four sent on to Fort Sam Houston. Issei Journalist and internee\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"/Yasutaro_Soga/\" title=\"Yasutaro Soga\">\n Yasutaro Soga\n </a>\n writes in his memoir that the number was eighty-six, who joined five Issei from the Pacific Northwest who were already being held at Fort Lewis. Soga writes that the group left Alaska on April 27 and May 4 and left Fort Lewis on May 19 for\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"/Fort_Sam_Houston_(detention_facility)/\" title=\"Fort Sam Houston (detention facility)\">\n Fort Sam Houston\n </a>\n , meaning that they were held at Fort Lewis for somewhere around two to three weeks. Later, starting in July 1943, POW compounds held German and Italian prisoners.\n <sup class=\"reference\" id=\"cite_ref-2\">\n <a class=\"\" href=\"#cite_note-2\">\n [2]\n </a>\n </sup>\n </p>\n <p>\n Fort Lewis became Joint Base Lewis-McChord in 2010 when Fort Lewis merged with McChord Air Force Base and is still in use.\n <sup class=\"reference\" id=\"cite_ref-3\">\n <a class=\"\" href=\"#cite_note-3\">\n [3]\n </a>\n </sup>\n </p>\n <div id=\"authorByline\">\n <b>\n Authored by\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"/Brian_Niiya/\" title=\"Brian Niiya\">\n Brian Niiya\n </a>\n , Densho\n </b>\n </div>\n <div id=\"citationAuthor\" style=\"display:none;\">\n Niiya, Brian\n </div>\n <div class=\"section\" id=\"Footnotes\">\n <h2>\n <span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Footnotes\">\n Footnotes\n </span>\n </h2>\n <div class=\"section_content\">\n <div class=\"reflist\" style=\"list-style-type: decimal;\">\n <div class=\"mw-references-wrap\">\n <ol class=\"references\">\n <li id=\"cite_note-1\">\n <span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\n <a class=\"\" href=\"#cite_ref-1\">\n ↑\n </a>\n </span>\n <span class=\"reference-text\">\n Duane Colt Denfield, \"Fort Lewis, Part 2: 1927–2010,\" History Link.org, Apr. 18, 2008,\n <a class=\"external free\" href=\"https://www.historylink.org/File/8493\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n https://www.historylink.org/File/8493\n </a>\n and \"History,\" Joint Base Lewis-McChord website\n <a class=\"external free offsite\" href=\"https://home.army.mil/lewis-mcchord/index.php/about/history\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n https://home.army.mil/lewis-mcchord/index.php/about/history\n </a>\n , both accessed on May 26, 2020; Duncan Ryūken Williams,\n <i>\n American Sutra: A Story of Faith and Freedom in the Second World War\n </i>\n (Cambridge, Mass.: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2019), 169. The Densho Digital Repository includes many interviews with Japanese Americans who trained at Fort Lewis including Hikaru Morohashi (\n <a class=\"external free offsite\" href=\"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/516/\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/516/\n </a>\n ), Hiro Nishimura (\n <a class=\"external free offsite\" href=\"http://ddr.densho.org/narrators/373/\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n http://ddr.densho.org/narrators/373/\n </a>\n ), Sam H. Ono (\n <a class=\"external free offsite\" href=\"http://ddr.densho.org/narrators/621/\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n http://ddr.densho.org/narrators/621/\n </a>\n ), Joe Saito (\n <a class=\"external free offsite\" href=\"http://ddr.densho.org/narrators/703/\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n http://ddr.densho.org/narrators/703/\n </a>\n ), and Harvey Watanabe (\n <a class=\"external free offsite\" href=\"http://ddr.densho.org/narrators/103/\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n http://ddr.densho.org/narrators/103/\n </a>\n ).\n </span>\n </li>\n <li id=\"cite_note-2\">\n <span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\n <a class=\"\" href=\"#cite_ref-2\">\n ↑\n </a>\n </span>\n <span class=\"reference-text\">\n Tetsuden Kashima,\n <i>\n Judgment Without Trial: Japanese American Imprisonment during World War II\n </i>\n (Seattle: University of Washington Press, 2002), 91; Yasutaro [Keiho] Soga,\n <i>\n Life behind Barbed Wire: The World War II Internment Memoirs of a Hawai'i Issei\n </i>\n , translated by Kihei Hirai (Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press, 2008), 83–84; Denfield, \"Fort Lewis, Part 2: 1927–2010.\"\n </span>\n </li>\n <li id=\"cite_note-3\">\n <span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\n <a class=\"\" href=\"#cite_ref-3\">\n ↑\n </a>\n </span>\n <span class=\"reference-text\">\n \"History,\" Joint Base Lewis-McChord website.\n </span>\n </li>\n </ol>\n </div>\n </div>\n <!-- \nNewPP limit report\nCached time: 20230521153437\nCache expiry: 86400\nDynamic content: false\nComplications: []\nCPU time usage: 0.016 seconds\nReal time usage: 0.021 seconds\nPreprocessor visited node count: 211/1000000\nPost‐expand include size: 3585/2097152 bytes\nTemplate argument size: 1035/2097152 bytes\nHighest expansion depth: 5/40\nExpensive parser function count: 0/100\nUnstrip recursion depth: 0/20\nUnstrip post‐expand size: 2623/5000000 bytes\nExtLoops count: 0\n-->\n <!--\nTransclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template)\n100.00% 15.988 1 -total\n 16.88% 2.698 1 Template:Reflist\n 11.33% 1.812 1 Template:Databox-Camps\n 8.37% 1.339 1 Template:Published\n 8.19% 1.310 1 Template:AuthorByline\n 7.76% 1.241 1 Template:needmoreinfo\n-->\n <!-- Saved in parser cache with key encycmw:pcache:idhash:1216-0!canonical and timestamp 20230521153437 and revision id 33885\n -->\n </div>\n </div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"toplink\">\n <a href=\"#top\">\n <i class=\"icon-chevron-up\">\n </i>\n Top\n </a>\n</div>", "categories": [ "http://encyclopedia.densho.org/api/0.1/categories/Camps/?format=api" ], "sources": [], "coordinates": {}, "authors": [ "http://encyclopedia.densho.org/api/0.1/authors/Brian%20Niiya/?format=api" ], "ddr_topic_terms": [ "https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/facet/topics/topics-432/objects/" ], "prev_page": "http://encyclopedia.densho.org/api/0.1/articles/Fort%20Howard%20(detention%20facility)/?format=api", "next_page": "http://encyclopedia.densho.org/api/0.1/articles/Fort%20Lincoln%20(Bismarck)%20(detention%20facility)/?format=api" }