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{
    "url_title": "John B. Hughes",
    "title_sort": "hughesjohnb",
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    "modified": "2020-06-08T16:54:01",
    "title": "John B. Hughes",
    "body": "<div class=\"mw-parser-output\">\n <div id=\"databox-PeopleDisplay\">\n  <table class=\"infobox\" width=\"200px;\">\n   <tbody>\n    <tr>\n     <th scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:left;\">\n      Name\n     </th>\n     <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n      John B. Hughes\n     </td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n     <th scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:left;\">\n      Born\n     </th>\n     <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n      July 17 1904\n     </td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n     <th scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:left;\">\n      Died\n     </th>\n     <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n      July 15 1982\n     </td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n     <th scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:left;\">\n      Birth Location\n     </th>\n     <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n      California\n     </td>\n    </tr>\n   </tbody>\n  </table>\n </div>\n <div id=\"databox-People\" style=\"display:none;\">\n  <p>\n   FirstName:John B.;\nLastName:Hughes;\nDisplayName:John B. Hughes;\nBirthDate:1904-07-17;\nDeathDate:1982-07-15;\nBirthLocation:California;\nGender:Male;\nEthnicity:White;\nGenerationIdentifier:;\nNationality:US;\nExternalResourceLink:;\nPrimaryGeography:;\nReligion:;\n  </p>\n </div>\n <p>\n  Radio and television newscaster who agitated for the removal of Japanese Americans. John B. Hughes (1904–82) had a regular news program on the Mutual Broadcasting Network in 1941–42 and is credited by several observers as being \"the first widely heard newsman,\" \"the most prominent early editorialist\" and the \"chief offender on the West Coast\" to press for the exclusion of Japanese Americans from the West Coast beginning on January 5, 1942, and continuing through the month.\n  <sup class=\"reference\" id=\"cite_ref-ftnt_ref1_1-0\">\n   <a class=\"\" href=\"#cite_note-ftnt_ref1-1\">\n    [1]\n   </a>\n  </sup>\n  He also corresponded with Attorney General Francis Biddle, claiming in a January 19 letter that \"ninety percent or more of American-born Japanese are primarily loyal to Japan.\"\n  <sup class=\"reference\" id=\"cite_ref-ftnt_ref2_2-0\">\n   <a class=\"\" href=\"#cite_note-ftnt_ref2-2\">\n    [2]\n   </a>\n  </sup>\n  His voice—soon joined by many others—helped shape West Coast public opinion to strongly favor mass removal.\n </p>\n <p>\n  He was later fired by Mutual—for being too liberal according to\n  <i>\n   <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"/Pacific_Citizen_(newspaper)/\" title=\"Pacific Citizen (newspaper)\">\n    Pacific Citizen\n   </a>\n  </i>\n  editor\n  <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"/Larry_Tajiri/\" title=\"Larry Tajiri\">\n   Larry Tajiri\n  </a>\n  —and later in the war, did a 180º turn, supporting the rights of minorities and decrying prejudice against Japanese Americans in his broadcasts for KFWB, an independent Los Angeles station.\n  <sup class=\"reference\" id=\"cite_ref-ftnt_ref3_3-0\">\n   <a class=\"\" href=\"#cite_note-ftnt_ref3-3\">\n    [3]\n   </a>\n  </sup>\n </p>\n <p>\n  He continued to work in radio the television after the war, becoming a pioneering anchorman for the Dumont Television Network, later joining WTAE in Pittsburgh in 1958 as an anchorman and public affairs director, then working for KIRO TV and KXA radio in Seattle starting in 1962. He died in Pittsburgh in 1982.\n  <sup class=\"reference\" id=\"cite_ref-ftnt_ref4_4-0\">\n   <a class=\"\" href=\"#cite_note-ftnt_ref4-4\">\n    [4]\n   </a>\n  </sup>\n </p>\n <div id=\"authorByline\">\n  <b>\n   Authored by\n   <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"/Brian_Niiya/\" title=\"Brian Niiya\">\n    Brian Niiya\n   </a>\n   , Densho\n  </b>\n </div>\n <div id=\"citationAuthor\" style=\"display:none;\">\n  Niiya, Brian\n </div>\n <div class=\"section\" id=\"For_More_Information\">\n  <h2>\n   <span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"For_More_Information\">\n    For More Information\n   </span>\n  </h2>\n  <div class=\"section_content\">\n   <p>\n    Grodzins, Morton.\n    <i>\n     Americans Betrayed: Politics and the Japanese Evacuation\n    </i>\n    . Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1949.\n   </p>\n   <p>\n    tenBroek, Jacobus, Edward N. Barnhart, and Floyd Matson.\n    <a class=\"external text offsite\" href=\"https://archive.org/details/prejudicewarcons00tenb\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n     <i>\n      Prejudice, War, and the Constitution\n     </i>\n    </a>\n    . Berkeley: University of California Press, 1954.\n   </p>\n  </div>\n </div>\n <div class=\"section\" id=\"Footnotes\">\n  <h2>\n   <span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Footnotes\">\n    Footnotes\n   </span>\n  </h2>\n  <div class=\"section_content\">\n   <div class=\"reflist\" style=\"list-style-type: decimal;\">\n    <div class=\"mw-references-wrap\">\n     <ol class=\"references\">\n      <li id=\"cite_note-ftnt_ref1-1\">\n       <span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\n        <a class=\"\" href=\"#cite_ref-ftnt_ref1_1-0\">\n         ↑\n        </a>\n       </span>\n       <span class=\"reference-text\">\n        Jacobus tenBroek, Edward N. Barnhart, and Floyd Matson,\n        <i>\n         Prejudice, War, and the Constitution\n        </i>\n        (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1954), 74; Morton Grodzins,\n        <i>\n         Americans Betrayed: Politics and the Japanese Evacuation\n        </i>\n        (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1949), 387; and Roger Daniels,\n        <i>\n         Asian America: Chinese and Japanese in the United States since 1850\n        </i>\n        (Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1988), 200.\n       </span>\n      </li>\n      <li id=\"cite_note-ftnt_ref2-2\">\n       <span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\n        <a class=\"\" href=\"#cite_ref-ftnt_ref2_2-0\">\n         ↑\n        </a>\n       </span>\n       <span class=\"reference-text\">\n        tenBroek, et al,\n        <i>\n         Prejudice\n        </i>\n        , 74.\n       </span>\n      </li>\n      <li id=\"cite_note-ftnt_ref3-3\">\n       <span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\n        <a class=\"\" href=\"#cite_ref-ftnt_ref3_3-0\">\n         ↑\n        </a>\n       </span>\n       <span class=\"reference-text\">\n        Larry Tajiri, \"Vagaries,\"\n        <i>\n         Pacific Citizen\n        </i>\n        , June 10, 1944, p. 5, accessed on Jan. 12, 2018 at\n        <a class=\"external free offsite\" href=\"http://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-16-24/\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n         http://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-16-24/\n        </a>\n        ; Larry Tajiri, \"Nisei USA: Three Radio Commentators,\"\n        <i>\n         Pacific Citizen\n        </i>\n        , Dec. 17, 1949, p. 4, accessed on Jan. 12, 2018 at\n        <a class=\"external free offsite\" href=\"http://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-21-50/\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n         http://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-21-50/\n        </a>\n        .\n       </span>\n      </li>\n      <li id=\"cite_note-ftnt_ref4-4\">\n       <span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\n        <a class=\"\" href=\"#cite_ref-ftnt_ref4_4-0\">\n         ↑\n        </a>\n       </span>\n       <span class=\"reference-text\">\n        Obituary,\n        <i>\n         Seattle Post-Intelligencer\n        </i>\n        , July 19, 1982.\n       </span>\n      </li>\n     </ol>\n    </div>\n   </div>\n   <!-- \nNewPP limit report\nCached time: 20230613175403\nCache expiry: 86400\nDynamic content: false\nComplications: []\nCPU time usage: 0.015 seconds\nReal time usage: 0.020 seconds\nPreprocessor visited node count: 189/1000000\nPost‐expand include size: 1767/2097152 bytes\nTemplate argument size: 220/2097152 bytes\nHighest expansion depth: 6/40\nExpensive parser function count: 0/100\nUnstrip recursion depth: 0/20\nUnstrip post‐expand size: 2107/5000000 bytes\nExtLoops count: 0\n-->\n   <!--\nTransclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template)\n100.00%   15.737      1 -total\n 41.49%    6.529      1 Template:Databox-People\n 17.96%    2.827      1 Template:Reflist\n  8.54%    1.344      1 Template:AuthorByline\n  8.46%    1.332      1 Template:Published\n-->\n   <!-- Saved in parser cache with key encycmw:pcache:idhash:1913-0!canonical and timestamp 20230613175403 and revision id 29776\n -->\n  </div>\n </div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"toplink\">\n <a href=\"#top\">\n  <i class=\"icon-chevron-up\">\n  </i>\n  Top\n </a>\n</div>",
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