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{ "url_title": "Monrad C. Wallgren", "title_sort": "wallgrenmonradc", "links": { "json": "http://encyclopedia.densho.org/api/0.1/articles/Monrad%20C.%20Wallgren/?format=api", "html": "http://encyclopedia.densho.org/Monrad%20C.%20Wallgren?format=api" }, "modified": "2020-07-08T20:35:33", "title": "Monrad C. Wallgren", "body": "<div class=\"mw-parser-output\">\n <div id=\"databox-PeopleDisplay\">\n <table class=\"infobox\" width=\"200px;\">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <th scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:left;\">\n Name\n </th>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n Monrad C. Wallgren\n </td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <th scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:left;\">\n Born\n </th>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n April 17 1891\n </td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <th scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:left;\">\n Died\n </th>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n September 18 1961\n </td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <th scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:left;\">\n Birth Location\n </th>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n Des Moines, Iowa\n </td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td colspan=\"2\" style=\"text-align:left;\">\n <a class=\"external text offsite\" href=\"http://www.historylink.org/index.cfm?DisplayPage=output.cfm&file_id=9246\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n More information...\n </a>\n </td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n <div id=\"databox-People\" style=\"display:none;\">\n <p>\n FirstName:Monrad Charles \"Mon\";\nLastName:Wallgren;\nDisplayName:Monrad C. Wallgren;\nBirthDate:1891-04-17;\nDeathDate:1961-09-18;\nBirthLocation:Des Moines, Iowa;\nGender:Male;\nEthnicity:White;\nGenerationIdentifier:;\nNationality:;\nExternalResourceLink:\n <a class=\"external free offsite\" href=\"http://www.historylink.org/index.cfm?DisplayPage=output.cfm&file_id=9246\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n http://www.historylink.org/index.cfm?DisplayPage=output.cfm&file_id=9246\n </a>\n ;\nPrimaryGeography:;\nReligion:;\n </p>\n </div>\n <div class=\"floatright\">\n </div>\n <p>\n Wartime U.S. senator and governor from Washington state. A liberal New Deal congressman, senator and governor of Washington, Monrad C. Wallgren (1891–1961) was a popular optometrist and jeweler when he was first elected to Congress in 1932. He was reelected three times before winning election to the Senate in 1940. In 1944, he won election as governor of Washington.\n </p>\n <p>\n As part of a vehemently anti-Japanese West Coast congressional delegation, Wallgren chaired one of two ad hoc committees of U.S. senators from western states formed in February 1942, the Committee on Alien Nationality and Sabotage. Wallgren's committee held two meetings in early February—the first providing a forum for the differing views towards West Coast Japanese Americans as expressed by\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"/Karl_Bendetsen/\" title=\"Karl Bendetsen\">\n Karl Bendetsen\n </a>\n on behalf of the army and War Department and Attorney General\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"/Francis_Biddle/\" title=\"Francis Biddle\">\n Francis Biddle\n </a>\n representing the Justice Department. The committee voted on February 10 to recommend mass removal of Japanese Americans from California, Oregon, Washington, and Alaska, though, in language foreshadowing that of\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"/Executive_Order_9066/\" title=\"Executive Order 9066\">\n Executive Order 9066\n </a>\n , Japanese Americans are not mentioned by name.\n <sup class=\"reference\" id=\"cite_ref-ftnt_ref1_1-0\">\n <a class=\"\" href=\"#cite_note-ftnt_ref1-1\">\n [1]\n </a>\n </sup>\n </p>\n <p>\n About a year later, after the disturbances at\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"/Poston_(Colorado_River)/\" title=\"Poston (Colorado River)\">\n Poston\n </a>\n and\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"/Manzanar/\" title=\"Manzanar\">\n Manzanar\n </a>\n , Wallgren and Oregon Republican Senator Rufus C. Holman introduced legislation that would shut down the\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"/War_Relocation_Authority/\" title=\"War Relocation Authority\">\n War Relocation Authority\n </a>\n (WRA) and transfer management of the concentration camps to the army. Reflecting popular distrust of the WRA, Wallgren claimed that \"There has been too much pampering, and too much social experimentation in the handling of these concentration camps.\"\n <sup class=\"reference\" id=\"cite_ref-ftnt_ref2_2-0\">\n <a class=\"\" href=\"#cite_note-ftnt_ref2-2\">\n [2]\n </a>\n </sup>\n Wallgren subsequently was part of the subcommittee of the Senate Military Affairs Committee (popularly known as the\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"/Chandler_Committee/\" title=\"Chandler Committee\">\n Chandler Committee\n </a>\n ) that investigated the WRA. As governor, Wallgren opposed the return of evicted Japanese Americans to Washington.\n <sup class=\"reference\" id=\"cite_ref-ftnt_ref3_3-0\">\n <a class=\"\" href=\"#cite_note-ftnt_ref3-3\">\n [3]\n </a>\n </sup>\n </p>\n <p>\n Wallgren lost in his bid for reelection in 1948 and subsequently left electoral politics. He died after a car accident outside Olympia in 1961.\n </p>\n <div id=\"authorByline\">\n <b>\n Authored by\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"/Brian_Niiya/\" title=\"Brian Niiya\">\n Brian Niiya\n </a>\n , Densho\n </b>\n </div>\n <div id=\"citationAuthor\" style=\"display:none;\">\n Niiya, Brian\n </div>\n <div class=\"section\" id=\"For_More_Information\">\n <h2>\n <span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"For_More_Information\">\n For More Information\n </span>\n </h2>\n <div class=\"section_content\">\n <p>\n Coombs, F. Alan. \"Congressional Opinion and War Relocation.\" In\n <a class=\"external text offsite\" href=\"https://archive.org/details/japaneseamerican00unse_0\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n <i>\n Japanese Americans: From Relocation to Redress\n </i>\n .\n </a>\n Edited by Roger Daniels, Sandra C. Taylor, and Harry H. L. Kitano. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press, 1986. Revised edition. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1991. 88-91.\n </p>\n <p>\n Grodzins, Morton.\n <i>\n Americans Betrayed: Politics and the Japanese Evacuation\n </i>\n . Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1949.\n </p>\n <p>\n Riddle, Margaret. \"Wallgren, Monrad Charles (1891–1961).\" HistoryLink.org.\n <a class=\"external free offsite\" href=\"http://www.historylink.org/index.cfm?DisplayPage=output.cfm&file_id=9246\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n http://www.historylink.org/index.cfm?DisplayPage=output.cfm&file_id=9246\n </a>\n .\n </p>\n </div>\n </div>\n <div class=\"section\" id=\"Footnotes\">\n <h2>\n <span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Footnotes\">\n Footnotes\n </span>\n </h2>\n <div class=\"section_content\">\n <div class=\"reflist\" style=\"list-style-type: decimal;\">\n <div class=\"mw-references-wrap\">\n <ol class=\"references\">\n <li id=\"cite_note-ftnt_ref1-1\">\n <span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\n <a class=\"\" href=\"#cite_ref-ftnt_ref1_1-0\">\n ↑\n </a>\n </span>\n <span class=\"reference-text\">\n Morton Grodzins,\n <i>\n Americans Betrayed: Politics and the Japanese Evacuation\n </i>\n (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1949), 72–78.\n </span>\n </li>\n <li id=\"cite_note-ftnt_ref2-2\">\n <span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\n <a class=\"\" href=\"#cite_ref-ftnt_ref2_2-0\">\n ↑\n </a>\n </span>\n <span class=\"reference-text\">\n <i>\n Pacific Citizen\n </i>\n , January 21, 1943, p. 3, accessed on Jan. 12, 2018 at\n <a class=\"external free offsite\" href=\"http://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-15-3/\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n http://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-15-3/\n </a>\n .\n </span>\n </li>\n <li id=\"cite_note-ftnt_ref3-3\">\n <span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\n <a class=\"\" href=\"#cite_ref-ftnt_ref3_3-0\">\n ↑\n </a>\n </span>\n <span class=\"reference-text\">\n Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians\n <i>\n Personal Justice Denied: Report of the Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians\n </i>\n (Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1997), 240; Louis Fiset,\n <i>\n Imprisoned Apart: The World War II Correspondence of an Issei Couple\n </i>\n (Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1997), 88.\n </span>\n </li>\n </ol>\n </div>\n </div>\n <!-- \nNewPP limit report\nCached time: 20230521153725\nCache expiry: 86400\nDynamic content: false\nComplications: []\nCPU time usage: 0.016 seconds\nReal time usage: 0.022 seconds\nPreprocessor visited node count: 187/1000000\nPost‐expand include size: 2206/2097152 bytes\nTemplate argument size: 475/2097152 bytes\nHighest expansion depth: 6/40\nExpensive parser function count: 0/100\nUnstrip recursion depth: 0/20\nUnstrip post‐expand size: 1540/5000000 bytes\nExtLoops count: 0\n-->\n <!--\nTransclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template)\n100.00% 15.565 1 -total\n 44.03% 6.853 1 Template:Databox-People\n 16.79% 2.614 1 Template:Reflist\n 8.53% 1.327 1 Template:AuthorByline\n 8.47% 1.319 1 Template:Published\n-->\n <!-- Saved in parser cache with key encycmw:pcache:idhash:2528-0!canonical and timestamp 20230521153725 and revision id 30554\n -->\n </div>\n </div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"toplink\">\n <a href=\"#top\">\n <i class=\"icon-chevron-up\">\n </i>\n Top\n </a>\n</div>", "categories": [ "http://encyclopedia.densho.org/api/0.1/categories/People/?format=api" ], "sources": [ "http://encyclopedia.densho.org/api/0.1/sources/en-monradwallgren-portrait-1/?format=api" ], "coordinates": {}, "authors": [ "http://encyclopedia.densho.org/api/0.1/authors/Brian%20Niiya/?format=api" ], "ddr_topic_terms": [], "prev_page": "http://encyclopedia.densho.org/api/0.1/articles/Monica%20Sone/?format=api", "next_page": "http://encyclopedia.densho.org/api/0.1/articles/Months%20of%20Waiting,%201942-1945%20(exhibition)/?format=api" }