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{
    "url_title": "Battle of Los Angeles",
    "title_sort": "battleoflosangeles",
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    "modified": "2020-06-09T18:02:42",
    "title": "Battle of Los Angeles",
    "body": "<div class=\"mw-parser-output\">\n <p>\n  Ironic name given a false alarm in Los Angeles in the early morning of February 25, 1942. A warning by the army that enemy planes had been seen approaching and the sighting of what was later thought to be a weather balloon sent Los Angeles into a panic at 2:25 am, with anti-aircraft guns firing into the night, searchlights sweeping the skies, and a massive traffic jam forming. No enemy attackers ever materialized. Though a false alarm, the \"Battle of Los Angeles\"—and the broad press it received—contributed to the fear and hysteria that led to widespread public support for the mass forced removal of Japanese Americans from the area. The incident was dramatized in the popular 1979 film\n  <i>\n   1941\n  </i>\n  , directed by Steven Spielberg.\n </p>\n <div id=\"authorByline\">\n  <b>\n   Authored by\n   <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"/Brian_Niiya/\" title=\"Brian Niiya\">\n    Brian Niiya\n   </a>\n   , Densho\n  </b>\n </div>\n <div id=\"citationAuthor\" style=\"display:none;\">\n  Niiya, Brian\n </div>\n <div class=\"section\" id=\"For_More_Information\">\n  <h2>\n   <span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"For_More_Information\">\n    For More Information\n   </span>\n  </h2>\n  <div class=\"section_content\">\n   <p>\n    Girdner, Audrie, and Anne Loftis.\n    <a class=\"external text offsite\" href=\"https://archive.org/details/greatbetrayaleva00unse\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n     <i>\n      The Great Betrayal: The Evacuation of the Japanese-Americans during World War II\n     </i>\n    </a>\n    . Toronto: Macmillan, 1969.\n   </p>\n   <p>\n    Verge, Arthur C. \"The Impact of the Second World War on Los Angeles.\"\n    <i>\n     Pacific Historical Review\n    </i>\n    63.3 (Aug. 1994): 289–314.\n   </p>\n   <!-- \nNewPP limit report\nCached time: 20230521153357\nCache expiry: 86400\nDynamic content: false\nComplications: []\nCPU time usage: 0.004 seconds\nReal time usage: 0.006 seconds\nPreprocessor visited node count: 23/1000000\nPost‐expand include size: 367/2097152 bytes\nTemplate argument size: 58/2097152 bytes\nHighest expansion depth: 4/40\nExpensive parser function count: 0/100\nUnstrip recursion depth: 0/20\nUnstrip post‐expand size: 0/5000000 bytes\nExtLoops count: 0\n-->\n   <!--\nTransclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template)\n100.00%    2.737      1 -total\n 49.32%    1.350      1 Template:AuthorByline\n 48.96%    1.340      1 Template:Published\n-->\n   <!-- Saved in parser cache with key encycmw:pcache:idhash:1553-0!canonical and timestamp 20230521153357 and revision id 29865\n -->\n  </div>\n </div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"toplink\">\n <a href=\"#top\">\n  <i class=\"icon-chevron-up\">\n  </i>\n  Top\n </a>\n</div>",
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