DOCUMENTATION GOES HERE.

GET /api/0.1/articles/No-No%20Boy%20(book)/?format=api
HTTP 200 OK
Allow: GET, OPTIONS
Content-Type: application/json
Vary: Accept

{
    "url_title": "No-No Boy (book)",
    "title_sort": "nonoboybook",
    "links": {
        "json": "http://encyclopedia.densho.org/api/0.1/articles/No-No%20Boy%20(book)/?format=api",
        "html": "http://encyclopedia.densho.org/No-No%20Boy%20(book)?format=api"
    },
    "modified": "2024-02-20T05:47:05",
    "title": "No-No Boy (book)",
    "body": "<div class=\"mw-parser-output\">\n <div id=\"databox-BooksDisplay\">\n  <table class=\"infobox\" width=\"200px;\">\n   <tbody>\n    <tr>\n     <th scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:left;\">\n      Title\n     </th>\n     <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n      No-No Boy\n     </td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n     <th scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:left;\">\n      Author\n     </th>\n     <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n      John Okada\n     </td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n     <th scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:left;\">\n      Original Publisher\n     </th>\n     <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n      Charles E. Tuttle\n     </td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n     <th scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:left;\">\n      Original Publication Date\n     </th>\n     <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n      1957\n     </td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n     <th scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:left;\">\n      Current Publisher\n     </th>\n     <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n      University of Washington Press\n     </td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n     <th scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:left;\">\n      Current Publication Date\n     </th>\n     <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n      2014\n     </td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n     <th scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:left;\">\n      Pages\n     </th>\n     <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n      308\n     </td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n     <th scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:left;\">\n      WorldCat Link\n     </th>\n     <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n      <a class=\"external free offsite\" href=\"https://www.worldcat.org/title/no-no-boy/oclc/881386427\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n       https://www.worldcat.org/title/no-no-boy/oclc/881386427\n      </a>\n     </td>\n    </tr>\n   </tbody>\n  </table>\n </div>\n <div id=\"databox-Books\" style=\"display:none;\">\n  <p>\n   Title:No-No Boy;\nAuthor:John Okada;\nIllustrator:;\nOrigTitle:;\nCountry:;\nLanguage:;\nSeries:;\nGenre:;\nPublisher:Charles E. Tuttle;\nPubDate:1957;\nCurrentPublisher:University of Washington Press;\nCurrentPubDate:2014;\nMediaType:;\nPages:308;\nAwards:;\nISBN:;\nWorldCatLink:\n   <a class=\"external free offsite\" href=\"https://www.worldcat.org/title/no-no-boy/oclc/881386427\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n    https://www.worldcat.org/title/no-no-boy/oclc/881386427\n   </a>\n   ;\n  </p>\n </div>\n <div class=\"floatright\">\n </div>\n <div class=\"rgonly\">\n  <!--\"rgdatabox-CoreDisplay\" removed-->\n  <div id=\"rgdatabox-Core\" style=\"display:none;\">\n   <p>\n    RGMediaType:books;\nTitle:No-No Boy;\nCreators:John Okada;\nInterestLevel:Grades 9-12; Adult;\nReadingLevel:;\nGuidedReadingLevel:;\nLexile:;\nTheme:Convention and rebellion; Family – blessing or curse; Heroism – real and perceived; Individual versus society; Patriotism – positive side or complications;\nGenre:Historical Fiction;\nPoV:told from perspective of young Nisei man;\nRelatedEvents:;\nAvailability:Widely available;\nFreeWebVersion:Yes;\nPrimarySecondary:;\nHasTeachingAids:No;\nWarnings:;\nDenshoTopic:;\nGeography:Seattle, Washington;\nChronology:1940s;\nFacility:;\n   </p>\n  </div>\n </div>\n <p>\n  In 1956,\n  <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"/Nisei/\" title=\"Nisei\">\n   Nisei\n  </a>\n  writer John Okada wrote\n  <i>\n   No-No Boy\n  </i>\n  , a novel that explored the predicament of a Japanese American World War II conscientious objector, having served time in prison for refusing to serve in the military, who returns home only to face the consequences of his decision. Upon arriving in his former neighborhood, he is met with hostility and despair. He discovers that his mother delusionally believes that Japan has won the war, and his younger brother—ashamed of Ichiro's decision to refuse the draft—abruptly quits high school to join the army himself. In the course of the novel, Ichiro's inner conflict grows to reflect the racial tension and residual anguish following the war and his individual guilt represents the conflict of the country at large.\n </p>\n <p>\n  While the title of the novel refers to men and women who either refused to complete or answered 'no' to\n  <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"/Questions_27_and_28/\" title=\"Questions 27 and 28\">\n   questions 27 and 28\n  </a>\n  on the\n  <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"/War_Relocation_Authority/\" title=\"War Relocation Authority\">\n   War Relocation Authority's\n  </a>\n  Leave Clearance Application Form, it is also acknowledged as a misnomer since the book's protagonist is sent to federal prison for resisting the draft, not for answering the\n  <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"/Loyalty_questionnaire/\" title=\"Loyalty questionnaire\">\n   loyalty questionnaire\n  </a>\n  negatively.\n </p>\n <p>\n  According to the book's original publisher,\n  <i>\n   No-No Boy\n  </i>\n  was rejected by the Japanese American community upon publication and received little commercial attention.\n  <sup class=\"reference\" id=\"cite_ref-ftnt_ref1_1-0\">\n   <a class=\"\" href=\"#cite_note-ftnt_ref1-1\">\n    [1]\n   </a>\n  </sup>\n  The novel was largely forgotten until the 1970s, when it was rediscovered by Lawson Fusao Inada and Frank Chin, young Asian American writers in search of a literary heritage to call their own.\n  <i>\n   No-No Boy\n  </i>\n  is considered to be one of the first Japanese American novels to delve into the stories and the impact of those who resisted the draft, thereby questioning their identity based on racial politics and the meaning of American citizenship In 1979, the University of Washington Press brought\n  <i>\n   No-No Boy\n  </i>\n  back into print, where it has established itself as one of the most important pieces in Asian American literary history.\n </p>\n <p>\n  John Okada was born in Seattle, Washington, in 1923. In 1942, the Okada family was forced into the\n  <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"/Puyallup_(detention_facility)/\" title=\"Puyallup (detention facility)\">\n   Puyallup\n  </a>\n  detention center outside Seattle and then sent to the permanent camp in\n  <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"/Minidoka/\" title=\"Minidoka\">\n   Minidoka\n  </a>\n  , Idaho. Okada was among the first\n  <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"/Nisei/\" title=\"Nisei\">\n   Nisei\n  </a>\n  to obtain clearance to leave camp and enroll in college at Scottsbluff Junior College in Nebraska, which was outside the military zone restricting Japanese Americans. Unlike the protagonist of his novel, Okada served in the U.S. Army in World War II. After finishing the school year he enlisted in the army and was trained as a Japanese language translator by the\n  <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"/Military_Intelligence_Service_Language_School/\" title=\"Military Intelligence Service Language School\">\n   Military Intelligence Service Language School\n  </a>\n  at Camp Savage in Minnesota, eventually earning the rank of sergeant as a translator and interpreter. Following his service, Okada returned to Seattle to earn his bachelor's degree in English from the University of Washington, where he wrote and staged at least one student play at a campus playhouse. He earned his master's degree in English from Teachers College at Columbia University in New York City, where he met Dorothy Arakawa. They married on June 24, 1950, in Seattle, where their two children were born. Okada pursued a second B.A. from the University of Washington in library science and supported his family working as a public librarian, first in Seattle, and later in the Midwest. He switched careers in the mid '50s, working as a technical writer and completing the manuscript for\n  <i>\n   No-No Boy\n  </i>\n  in Detroit. The novel was published in Japan in 1956 by Charles E. Tuttle Company. According to John's widow, after his death, she offered all of his manuscripts, notes and correspondence to a university archive, but was refused. Believing no one had any use for them, in a fit of grief, she burned everything.\n  <sup class=\"reference\" id=\"cite_ref-ftnt_ref2_2-0\">\n   <a class=\"\" href=\"#cite_note-ftnt_ref2-2\">\n    [2]\n   </a>\n  </sup>\n </p>\n <p>\n  <i>\n   No-No Boy\n  </i>\n  was adapted as a stage play of the same title by Ken Narasaki in 2009. The play had its world premiere on March 26, 2010, at the Miles Memorial Playhouse in Santa Monica, California.\n </p>\n <p>\n  In 1979, Okada was chosen as the namesake of the Asian American ethnic themed dorm at Stanford University, in honor of John Okada's legacy.\n  <sup class=\"reference\" id=\"cite_ref-ftnt_ref3_3-0\">\n   <a class=\"\" href=\"#cite_note-ftnt_ref3-3\">\n    [3]\n   </a>\n  </sup>\n </p>\n <p>\n  In 2014, the University of Washington Press released a new edition of\n  <i>\n   No-No Boy\n  </i>\n  featuring a foreword by novelist Ruth Ozeki and original cover art by Jillian Tamaki. This edition also includes an introduction by poet Lawson Fusao Inada.\n </p>\n <div id=\"authorByline\">\n  <b>\n   Authored by\n   <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"/Patricia_Wakida/\" title=\"Patricia Wakida\">\n    Patricia Wakida\n   </a>\n  </b>\n </div>\n <div id=\"citationAuthor\" style=\"display:none;\">\n  Wakida, Patricia\n </div>\n <div class=\"section\" id=\"Find_in_the_Digital_Library_of_Japanese_American_Incarceration\">\n  <h2>\n   <span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Find_in_the_Digital_Library_of_Japanese_American_Incarceration\">\n    Find in the Digital Library of Japanese American Incarceration\n   </span>\n  </h2>\n  <div class=\"section_content\">\n   <p>\n    <b>\n     <a class=\"external text offsite\" href=\"https://archive.org/details/nonoboyokad00okad\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n      No-No Boy\n     </a>\n    </b>\n   </p>\n   <p style=\"font-size:8pt;line-height:1.5;color: #aaa;\">\n    This item has been made freely available in the\n    <a class=\"external text offsite\" href=\"https://archive.org/details/digital-library-of-japanese-american-incarceration\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n     Digital Library of Japanese American Incarceration\n    </a>\n    , a collaborative project with\n    <a class=\"external text offsite\" href=\"https://archive.org/\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n     Internet Archive\n    </a>\n    .\n   </p>\n   <p>\n    Might also like:\n    <i>\n     <a class=\"encyc rg\" href=\"/Famous_Suicides_of_the_Japanese_Empire_(book)/\" title=\"Famous Suicides of the Japanese Empire (book)\">\n      Famous Suicides of the Japanese Empire\n     </a>\n    </i>\n    by David Mura;\n    <i>\n     <a class=\"external text offsite\" href=\"https://resourceguide.densho.org/Tule%20Lake%20(book)/\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n      Tule Lake\n     </a>\n    </i>\n    by Edward Miyakawa;\n    <a class=\"external text offsite\" href=\"https://archive.org/details/startingfromloom00kash\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n     <i>\n      Starting from Loomis and Other Stories\n     </i>\n    </a>\n    by Hiroshi Kashiwagi\n   </p>\n  </div>\n </div>\n <div class=\"section\" id=\"For_More_Information\">\n  <h2>\n   <span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"For_More_Information\">\n    For More Information\n   </span>\n  </h2>\n  <div class=\"section_content\">\n   <p>\n    Akutsu, Jim. Interviewed by Art Hansen. Seattle: Densho Digital Repository, Jun. 9 and 12, 1997.\n    <a class=\"external free offsite\" href=\"http://ddr.densho.org/interviews/ddr-densho-1000-2-1/\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n     http://ddr.densho.org/interviews/ddr-densho-1000-2-1/\n    </a>\n    .\n   </p>\n   <p>\n    Castelnuovo, Shirley.\n    <i>\n     Soldiers of Conscience: Japanese American Military Resisters in World War II\n    </i>\n    . Lincoln, NE: Bison Books, 2010.\n   </p>\n   <p>\n    <i>\n     Conscience and the Constitution\n    </i>\n    . DVD. Produced by Frank Abe. Hohokus, NJ: Transit Media, 2000, 2011. \"\n    <i>\n     Conscience and the Constitution\n    </i>\n    Teacher Guide\".\n    <a class=\"external free offsite\" href=\"https://resisters.com/conscience-and-the-constitution/about-the-film/\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n     https://resisters.com/conscience-and-the-constitution/about-the-film/\n    </a>\n   </p>\n   <p>\n    Kashiwagi, Hiroshi.\n    <a class=\"external text offsite\" href=\"https://archive.org/details/swimminginameric00kash\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n     <i>\n      Swimming in the American: A Memoir and Selected Writings\n     </i>\n    </a>\n    . San Mateo, CA: Asian American Curriculum Project, 2005.\n   </p>\n   <p>\n    Lee, Shelley Sang Hee.\n    <i>\n     Claiming the Oriental Gateway: Prewar Seattle and Japanese American\n    </i>\n    . Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 2011.\n   </p>\n   <p>\n    Lyon, Cherstin M.\n    <a class=\"external text offsite\" href=\"https://archive.org/details/prisonspatriotsj00lyon\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n     <i>\n      Prisons and Patriots: Japanese American Wartime Citizenship, Civil Disobedience, and Historical Memory\n     </i>\n     .\n    </a>\n    Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 2011.\n   </p>\n   <p>\n    Muller, Eric.\n    <a class=\"external text offsite\" href=\"https://archive.org/details/freetodieforthei00mull\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n     <i>\n      Free to Die for Their Country: The Story of the Japanese American Draft Resisters in World War II\n     </i>\n     .\n    </a>\n    Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2001.\n   </p>\n   <p>\n    Okada, John.\n    <i>\n     No-No Boy\n    </i>\n    . Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1979. UW website accessed August 4, 2014.\n    <a class=\"external free offsite\" href=\"http://www.washington.edu/uwpress/search/books/OKANO2.html\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n     http://www.washington.edu/uwpress/search/books/OKANO2.html\n    </a>\n   </p>\n   <p>\n    Omori, Emiko.\n    <i>\n     Rabbit in the Moon\n    </i>\n    . DVD. Public Broadcasting System. Last modified Feb. 11, 2011.\n    <a class=\"external free offsite\" href=\"https://www.pbs.org/pov/films/rabbitinthemoon/\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n     https://www.pbs.org/pov/films/rabbitinthemoon/\n    </a>\n   </p>\n  </div>\n </div>\n <div class=\"section\" id=\"Footnotes\">\n  <h2>\n   <span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Footnotes\">\n    Footnotes\n   </span>\n  </h2>\n  <div class=\"section_content\">\n   <div class=\"reflist\" style=\"list-style-type: decimal;\">\n    <div class=\"mw-references-wrap\">\n     <ol class=\"references\">\n      <li id=\"cite_note-ftnt_ref1-1\">\n       <span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\n        <a class=\"\" href=\"#cite_ref-ftnt_ref1_1-0\">\n         ↑\n        </a>\n       </span>\n       <span class=\"reference-text\">\n        <i>\n         In Search of No-No Boy: Classroom Edition\n        </i>\n        , DVD, produced by Frank Abe (Seattle: Resisters.com Productions, 2007).\n       </span>\n      </li>\n      <li id=\"cite_note-ftnt_ref2-2\">\n       <span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\n        <a class=\"\" href=\"#cite_ref-ftnt_ref2_2-0\">\n         ↑\n        </a>\n       </span>\n       <span class=\"reference-text\">\n        Frank Chin, \"In Search of John Okada,\"\n        <i>\n         Weekly of Metropolitan Seattle\n        </i>\n        , 1976.\n       </span>\n      </li>\n      <li id=\"cite_note-ftnt_ref3-3\">\n       <span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\n        <a class=\"\" href=\"#cite_ref-ftnt_ref3_3-0\">\n         ↑\n        </a>\n       </span>\n       <span class=\"reference-text\">\n        \"Wilbur Hall,\" Stanford University Residential Education.\n        <a class=\"external free offsite\" href=\"http://studentaffairs.stanford.edu/resed/directory/Wilbur\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n         http://studentaffairs.stanford.edu/resed/directory/Wilbur\n        </a>\n        .\n       </span>\n      </li>\n     </ol>\n    </div>\n   </div>\n   <!-- \nNewPP limit report\nCached time: 20240220054705\nCache expiry: 86400\nDynamic content: false\nComplications: []\nCPU time usage: 0.020 seconds\nReal time usage: 0.025 seconds\nPreprocessor visited node count: 394/1000000\nPost‐expand include size: 7064/2097152 bytes\nTemplate argument size: 1369/2097152 bytes\nHighest expansion depth: 5/40\nExpensive parser function count: 0/100\nUnstrip recursion depth: 0/20\nUnstrip post‐expand size: 1273/5000000 bytes\nExtLoops count: 0\n-->\n   <!--\nTransclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template)\n100.00%   15.206      1 -total\n 17.28%    2.628      1 Template:Reflist\n 15.22%    2.315      1 Template:RGDatabox-Core\n 15.19%    2.309      1 Template:Databox-Books\n  9.64%    1.466      1 Template:AuthorByline\n  9.11%    1.386      1 Template:Published\n  8.83%    1.342      1 Template:FindAtIA\n-->\n   <!-- Saved in parser cache with key encycmw:pcache:idhash:246-0!canonical and timestamp 20240220054705 and revision id 36081\n -->\n  </div>\n </div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"toplink\">\n <a href=\"#top\">\n  <i class=\"icon-chevron-up\">\n  </i>\n  Top\n </a>\n</div>",
    "categories": [
        "http://encyclopedia.densho.org/api/0.1/categories/Arts/?format=api"
    ],
    "sources": [
        "http://encyclopedia.densho.org/api/0.1/sources/en-denshopd-i35-00432-1/?format=api"
    ],
    "coordinates": {},
    "authors": [
        "http://encyclopedia.densho.org/api/0.1/authors/Patricia%20Wakida/?format=api"
    ],
    "ddr_topic_terms": [
        "https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/facet/topics/topics-95/objects/",
        "https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/facet/topics/topics-242/objects/",
        "https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/facet/topics/topics-433/objects/"
    ],
    "prev_page": "http://encyclopedia.densho.org/api/0.1/articles/No%20No%20Girl%20(film)/?format=api",
    "next_page": "http://encyclopedia.densho.org/api/0.1/articles/No-No%20Boy%20(play)/?format=api"
}