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{ "url_title": "The Moved-Outers (book)", "title_sort": "movedouters", "links": { "json": "http://encyclopedia.densho.org/api/0.1/articles/The%20Moved-Outers%20(book)/?format=api", "html": "http://encyclopedia.densho.org/The%20Moved-Outers%20(book)?format=api" }, "modified": "2020-06-10T15:48:15", "title": "The Moved-Outers (book)", "body": "<div class=\"mw-parser-output\">\n <div id=\"databox-BooksDisplay\">\n <table class=\"infobox\" width=\"200px;\">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <th scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:left;\">\n Title\n </th>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n The Moved-Outers\n </td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <th scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:left;\">\n Author\n </th>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n Florence Crannell Means\n </td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <th scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:left;\">\n Original Publisher\n </th>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n Houghton Mifflin Company\n </td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <th scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:left;\">\n Original Publication Date\n </th>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n 1945\n </td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <th scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:left;\">\n Pages\n </th>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n 154\n </td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <th scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:left;\">\n Awards\n </th>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n Newbery Honor Book\n </td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <th scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:left;\">\n WorldCat Link\n </th>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n <a class=\"external free offsite\" href=\"http://www.worldcat.org/title/moved-outers/oclc/192318/editions?referer=di&editionsView=true\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n http://www.worldcat.org/title/moved-outers/oclc/192318/editions?referer=di&editionsView=true\n </a>\n </td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n <div id=\"databox-Books\" style=\"display:none;\">\n <p>\n Title:The Moved-Outers;\nAuthor:Florence Crannell Means;\nIllustrator:;\nOrigTitle:;\nCountry:;\nLanguage:;\nSeries:;\nGenre:;\nPublisher:Houghton Mifflin Company;\nPubDate:1945;\nCurrentPublisher:;\nCurrentPubDate:;\nMediaType:;\nPages:154;\nAwards:Newbery Honor Book;\nISBN:;\nWorldCatLink:\n <a class=\"external free offsite\" href=\"http://www.worldcat.org/title/moved-outers/oclc/192318/editions?referer=di&editionsView=true\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n http://www.worldcat.org/title/moved-outers/oclc/192318/editions?referer=di&editionsView=true\n </a>\n ;\n </p>\n </div>\n <div class=\"floatright\">\n </div>\n <div class=\"rgonly\">\n <!--\"rgdatabox-CoreDisplay\" removed-->\n <div id=\"rgdatabox-Core\" style=\"display:none;\">\n <p>\n RGMediaType:books;\nTitle:The Moved-Outers;\nCreators:;\nInterestLevel:;\nReadingLevel:;\nGuidedReadingLevel:;\nLexile:;\nTheme:;\nGenre:;\nPoV:;\nRelatedEvents:;\nAvailability:Widely available;\nFreeWebVersion:Yes;\nPrimarySecondary:;\nHasTeachingAids:No;\nWarnings:;\nDenshoTopic:;\nGeography:;\nChronology:;\nFacility:;\n </p>\n </div>\n </div>\n <p>\n Landmark novel for teenagers by Florence Crannell Means about a Japanese American family's forced removal and incarceration that was published in 1945 by Houghton Mifflin. One of the most popular and acclaimed writers of children's books at that time, Means' book was a runner up for the John Newbery Medal in 1946, the most prestigious award for children's literature.\n </p>\n <p>\n Florence Crannell Means (1891–1980) specialized in children's literature that depicted American ethnic minority groups, starting in the 1930s. Her father was a minister and educator, at one time the president of the Kansas City Baptist Theological Seminary, and she grew up in a household where people of many races visited. She married attorney and businessman Carl Bell Means in 1912 and the couple settled in the Denver, Colorado area, where they had one daughter. Her earliest young adult books were stories of pioneer settlers in the West, based in part on her grandparents' stories, or stories of young women in college. But she began writing books for younger children featuring protagonists of various ethnic groups starting in 1929 for Christian Fellowship Press, one of which,\n <i>\n Rainbow Bridge\n </i>\n (1934) was about a Japanese American family. Her first young adult book with an ethnic minority protagonist was\n <i>\n Tangled Waters\n </i>\n (1936), whose heroine was a Navajo girl, followed by the acclaimed\n <i>\n Shuttered Windows\n </i>\n (1938), about an African American girl from Minnesota entering a school for African American girls in the South. She went on to write books about African Americans, Native Americans, and Chicanos as well as Japanese Americans. \"The books about minority groups have had varied motivation,\" she wrote later in life, \"more than any other the desire to introduce one group of people to another, who otherwise might never know them, and so might regard them with the fear which is bred of lack of knowledge, and which in turn breeds the hate, the prejudice....\" She chose to write for children because she felt that, unlike adults, \"the adolescent, as has been proved by careful research, can be really moved—and changed—by it, if characters are so strong and situations so vital as to force self-identification.\" Widely read from the 1930s through the 1950s, she and other white authors who wrote about ethnic minority groups fell out of favor in the 1960s and 1970s, as ethnic American authors began to write and publish their own books. She died at the age of 89 in 1980, having published over forty books.\n <sup class=\"reference\" id=\"cite_ref-ftnt_ref1_1-0\">\n <a class=\"\" href=\"#cite_note-ftnt_ref1-1\">\n [1]\n </a>\n </sup>\n </p>\n <p>\n Published on February 28, 1945, while the concentration camps were still in operation,\n <i>\n The Moved Outers\n </i>\n centers on Sue Ohara, an 18-year-old\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"/Sansei/\" title=\"Sansei\">\n Sansei\n </a>\n who is forcibly removed from her small California town first to the\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"/Santa_Anita_(detention_facility)/\" title=\"Santa Anita (detention facility)\">\n Santa Anita Assembly Center\n </a>\n then to the\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"/Amache_(Granada)/\" title=\"Amache (Granada)\">\n Amache\n </a>\n , Colorado, concentration camp. Before the war, her family ran a successful nursery in the fictional town of Cordova, is strongly Christian, and is well-known and liked. Her parents are both\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"/Nisei/\" title=\"Nisei\">\n Nisei\n </a>\n from Hawai'i, and her father is a member of both the Rotary Club and the\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"/Japanese_American_Citizens_League/\" title=\"Japanese American Citizens League\">\n Japanese American Citizens League\n </a>\n . But after the attack on Pearl Harbor, everything changes as her father is interned, and the family is forced to prepare for their eviction. We follow Sue, her mother and brother Kim—they also have an older brother in the army and a sister going to college at Wellesley—to Santa Anita and Amache. Their neighbors at both camps are the Itos, a family of lower social class whom the elder Oharas harbor a strong dislike for, especially as signs of a romance between Sue and son Jiro Ito emerge. Sue, Kim, and Jiro vacillate between hopelessness and optimism as they encounter various issues in camp from the lack of privacy and freedom to embittered zoot suited gangs and gun toting townspeople. The novel ends with Sue and Jiro's sister Tomi leaving the camp to start college at the University of Denver.\n </p>\n <p>\n <i>\n The Moved-Outers\n </i>\n was sympathetically reviewed, with many reviewers noting the significance of the topic. Writing in\n <i>\n The Saturday Review\n </i>\n , Ruth A. Hill noted that \"This is not only an interesting and moving story of attractive young people who courageously faced complete upheaval of their ordered, happy lives. It is, too, an accurate and very human record of one of country's most tragic experiments.\" In a similar vein, Anne Roller Issler wrote that \"Classified as a juvenile suited to boys and girls in their teens, this little volume might well be passed on to parents, teachers, judges, and potential juries.\" In\n <i>\n The Horn Book Magazine\n </i>\n , Howard Pease called it Means' \"best book, beautifully written, profoundly moving, yet restrained. And it possesses that rare quality of saying something about our world today, here at home. It explains and interprets, it enlarges our sympathy and understanding, and it makes plain that the story of Sue and Jiro has implications far more important that happens to one family or to one minority group.\"\n <sup class=\"reference\" id=\"cite_ref-ftnt_ref2_2-0\">\n <a class=\"\" href=\"#cite_note-ftnt_ref2-2\">\n [2]\n </a>\n </sup>\n In the\n <i>\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"/Manzanar_Free_Press_(newspaper)/\" title=\"Manzanar Free Press (newspaper)\">\n Manzanar Free Press\n </a>\n </i>\n ,\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"/Sue_Kunitomi_Embrey/\" title=\"Sue Kunitomi Embrey\">\n Sue Kunitomi\n </a>\n wrote that the \"book was read in one evening. It was midnight when I turned the last page. For a moment I sat and let my thought wander.\"\n <sup class=\"reference\" id=\"cite_ref-3\">\n <a class=\"\" href=\"#cite_note-3\">\n [3]\n </a>\n </sup>\n In addition to its Newbery Honor Book status, it also won the Child Study Association Award in 1945 (for the best book dealing with present-day problems). However, despite the awards and positive reviews, a good number of schools and libraries refused to stock the book. Kay E. Vandergrift wrote that it \"did not achieve the readership or visibility it deserved and was, for a long time, one of those Newbery Honor books available but not generally known by young people.\"\n <sup class=\"reference\" id=\"cite_ref-ftnt_ref3_4-0\">\n <a class=\"\" href=\"#cite_note-ftnt_ref3-4\">\n [4]\n </a>\n </sup>\n In a more recent review in the Asian American Movement era publication\n <i>\n Bridge\n </i>\n , a reviewer called it \"moving but paternalistically sympathetic,\" citing occasional \"racist and exist comments\" and its implicit message that ethnic minorities must become \"good, hard-working patriotic Americans to show that you are worthy of being treated as human beings.\"\n <sup class=\"reference\" id=\"cite_ref-5\">\n <a class=\"\" href=\"#cite_note-5\">\n [5]\n </a>\n </sup>\n </p>\n <p>\n <i>\n The Moved-Outers\n </i>\n was republished in 1972 by Houghton Mifflin, shortly after the publication of\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"/Yoshiko_Uchida/\" title=\"Yoshiko Uchida\">\n Yoshiko Uchida\n </a>\n 's\n <i>\n <a class=\"encyc rg\" href=\"/Journey_to_Topaz:_A_Story_of_the_Japanese-American_Evacuation_(book)/\" title=\"Journey to Topaz: A Story of the Japanese-American Evacuation (book)\">\n Journey to Topaz\n </a>\n </i>\n , the first young adult novel on the wartime incarceration by a Japanese American. Another new edition appeared in 1992.\n </p>\n <div id=\"authorByline\">\n <b>\n Authored by\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"/Brian_Niiya/\" title=\"Brian Niiya\">\n Brian Niiya\n </a>\n , Densho\n </b>\n </div>\n <div id=\"citationAuthor\" style=\"display:none;\">\n Niiya, Brian\n </div>\n <div aria-labelledby=\"mw-toc-heading\" class=\"toc\" id=\"toc\" role=\"navigation\">\n <input class=\"toctogglecheckbox\" id=\"toctogglecheckbox\" role=\"button\" style=\"display:none\" type=\"checkbox\"/>\n <div class=\"toctitle\" dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">\n <h2 id=\"mw-toc-heading\">\n Contents\n </h2>\n <span class=\"toctogglespan\">\n <label class=\"toctogglelabel\" for=\"toctogglecheckbox\">\n </label>\n </span>\n </div>\n <ul>\n <li class=\"toclevel-1\">\n <a class=\"\" href=\"#Find_in_the_Digital_Library_of_Japanese_American_Incarceration\">\n <span class=\"tocnumber\">\n 1\n </span>\n <span class=\"toctext\">\n Find in the Digital Library of Japanese American Incarceration\n </span>\n </a>\n </li>\n <li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-1\">\n <a class=\"\" href=\"#For_More_Information\">\n <span class=\"tocnumber\">\n 2\n </span>\n <span class=\"toctext\">\n For More Information\n </span>\n </a>\n </li>\n <li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-2\">\n <a class=\"\" href=\"#Reviews\">\n <span class=\"tocnumber\">\n 3\n </span>\n <span class=\"toctext\">\n Reviews\n </span>\n </a>\n </li>\n <li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-3\">\n <a class=\"\" href=\"#Footnotes\">\n <span class=\"tocnumber\">\n 4\n </span>\n <span class=\"toctext\">\n Footnotes\n </span>\n </a>\n </li>\n </ul>\n </div>\n <div class=\"section\" id=\"Find_in_the_Digital_Library_of_Japanese_American_Incarceration\">\n <h2>\n <span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Find_in_the_Digital_Library_of_Japanese_American_Incarceration\">\n Find in the Digital Library of Japanese American Incarceration\n </span>\n </h2>\n <div class=\"section_content\">\n <p>\n <b>\n <a class=\"external text offsite\" href=\"https://archive.org/details/movedouters0000mean\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n The Moved-Outers\n </a>\n </b>\n </p>\n <p style=\"font-size:8pt;line-height:1.5;color: #aaa;\">\n This item has been made freely available in the\n <a class=\"external text offsite\" href=\"https://archive.org/details/digital-library-of-japanese-american-incarceration\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n Digital Library of Japanese American Incarceration\n </a>\n , a collaborative project with\n <a class=\"external text offsite\" href=\"https://archive.org/\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n Internet Archive\n </a>\n .\n </p>\n </div>\n </div>\n <div class=\"section\" id=\"For_More_Information\">\n <h2>\n <span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"For_More_Information\">\n For More Information\n </span>\n </h2>\n <div class=\"section_content\">\n <p>\n Means, Florence Crannell.\n <i>\n The Moved-Outers\n </i>\n . Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1945.\n </p>\n <p>\n Rahn, Suzanne. \"Early Images of American Minorities: Rediscovering Florence Crannell Means.\"\n <i>\n The Lion and the Unicorn\n </i>\n 11.1 (June 1987): 98–115.\n </p>\n <p>\n Vandergrift, Kay E. \"A Feminist Perspective on Multicultural Children's Literature in the Middle Years of the Twentieth Century.\"\n <i>\n Library Trends\n </i>\n 41.3 (Winter 1993): 354–77.\n </p>\n </div>\n </div>\n <div class=\"section\" id=\"Reviews\">\n <h2>\n <span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Reviews\">\n Reviews\n </span>\n </h2>\n <div class=\"section_content\">\n <p>\n Beshoar, Barron B. \"\n <a class=\"external text offsite\" href=\"http://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-17-13/\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n A Novel of the Evacuation\n </a>\n .\"\n <i>\n Rocky Mountain News\n </i>\n , March 27, 1945. Reprinted in\n <i>\n Pacific Citizen\n </i>\n , March 31, 1945, 4.\n </p>\n <p>\n <i>\n Bridge\n </i>\n Magazine, July 1976, 21.\n </p>\n <p>\n Hill, Ruth A. \"\n <a class=\"external text offsite\" href=\"http://www.unz.org/Pub/SaturdayRev-1945apr21-00028?View=Search&SearchView=PDFHits&pages=30\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n A Tragic Experiment\n </a>\n .\"\n <i>\n The Saturday Review\n </i>\n , Apr. 21, 1945, 30.\n </p>\n <p>\n Hohri, Sam. \"\n <a class=\"external text offsite\" href=\"http://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-17-14/\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n Story of a Typical Evacuee Family Told in New Novel\n </a>\n .\"\n <i>\n Pacific Citizen\n </i>\n , 4/7/45, 5.\n </p>\n <p>\n <a class=\"external text offsite\" href=\"http://www.unz.org/Pub/TheSurvey-1945oct-00275?View=Search&SearchView=PDFHits&pages=275\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n Issler, Anne Roller\n </a>\n .\n <i>\n The Survey\n </i>\n , Oct. 1945, 275.\n </p>\n <p>\n Jordan, Alice M.\n <i>\n The Horn Book Magazine\n </i>\n 21.1 (1945): 37.\n </p>\n <p>\n Kunitomi Sue. \"Purely Personal.\"\n <i>\n Manzanar Free Press\n </i>\n , June 30, 1945, p. 2.\n </p>\n <p>\n Pease, Howard. \"Without Evasion: Some Reflections After Reading Mrs. Mean's The Moved-Outers.\"\n <i>\n The Horn Book Magazine\n </i>\n 21.1 (1945): 9–17.\n </p>\n </div>\n </div>\n <div class=\"section\" id=\"Footnotes\">\n <h2>\n <span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Footnotes\">\n Footnotes\n </span>\n </h2>\n <div class=\"section_content\">\n <div class=\"reflist\" style=\"list-style-type: decimal;\">\n <div class=\"mw-references-wrap\">\n <ol class=\"references\">\n <li id=\"cite_note-ftnt_ref1-1\">\n <span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\n <a class=\"\" href=\"#cite_ref-ftnt_ref1_1-0\">\n ↑\n </a>\n </span>\n <span class=\"reference-text\">\n Biographical sketch drawn from Suzanne Rahn's \"Early Images of American Minorities: Rediscovering Florence Crannell Means,\"\n <i>\n The Lion and the Unicorn\n </i>\n 11.1 (June 1987): 98–115; Kay E. Vandergrift, \"A Feminist Perspective on Multicultural Children's Literature in the Middle Years of the Twentieth Century,\"\n <i>\n Library Trends\n </i>\n 41.3 (Winter 1993): 354–77; \"Means, Florence Crannell 1981–,\" in\n <i>\n Something About the Author: Facts and Pictures about Contemporary Authors and Illustrators of Books for Young People, Volume 1\n </i>\n (edited by Anne Commire; Detroit: Gale Research, 1971): 154–55; \"Means, Florence Crannell 1891–1980,\"\n <i>\n Something About the Author: Facts and Pictures about Authors and Illustrators of Books for Young People, Volume 25\n </i>\n (edited by Anne Commire. Detroit: Gale Research, 1971). Quote by Means from\n <i>\n Something About the Author, Vol. 1\n </i>\n , p. 155.\n </span>\n </li>\n <li id=\"cite_note-ftnt_ref2-2\">\n <span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\n <a class=\"\" href=\"#cite_ref-ftnt_ref2_2-0\">\n ↑\n </a>\n </span>\n <span class=\"reference-text\">\n Ruth A. Hill, \"A Tragic Experiment,\"\n <i>\n The Saturday Review\n </i>\n , Apr. 21, 1945, p. 30, accessed on December 10, 2013 at\n <a class=\"external free offsite\" href=\"http://www.unz.org/Pub/SaturdayRev-1945apr21-00028\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n http://www.unz.org/Pub/SaturdayRev-1945apr21-00028\n </a>\n ?; Anne Roller Issler,\n <i>\n The Survey\n </i>\n , Oct. 1945, p. 275, accessed on December 10, 2013 at\n <a class=\"external free offsite\" href=\"http://www.unz.org/Pub/TheSurvey-1945oct-00275?View=Search&SearchView=PDFHits&pages=275\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n http://www.unz.org/Pub/TheSurvey-1945oct-00275?View=Search&SearchView=PDFHits&pages=275\n </a>\n ; Howard Pease, \"Without Evasion: Some Reflections After Reading Mrs. Mean's The Moved-Outers,\"\n <i>\n The Horn Book Magazine\n </i>\n 21.1 (1945): 9–17, cited in\n <i>\n Children's Literature Review, Vol. 56\n </i>\n , edited by Deborah J. Morad, pp. 139–39.\nView=Search&SearchView=PDFHits&pages=30\n </span>\n </li>\n <li id=\"cite_note-3\">\n <span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\n <a class=\"\" href=\"#cite_ref-3\">\n ↑\n </a>\n </span>\n <span class=\"reference-text\">\n Sue Kunitomi, \"Purely Personal,\"\n <i>\n Manzanar Free Press\n </i>\n , June 30, 1945, p. 2.\n </span>\n </li>\n <li id=\"cite_note-ftnt_ref3-4\">\n <span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\n <a class=\"\" href=\"#cite_ref-ftnt_ref3_4-0\">\n ↑\n </a>\n </span>\n <span class=\"reference-text\">\n Kay E. Vandergrift, \"A Feminist Perspective on Multicultural Children's Literature in the Middle Years of the Twentieth Century,\"\n <i>\n Library Trends\n </i>\n 41.3 (Winter 1993), 367.\n </span>\n </li>\n <li id=\"cite_note-5\">\n <span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\n <a class=\"\" href=\"#cite_ref-5\">\n ↑\n </a>\n </span>\n <span class=\"reference-text\">\n <i>\n Bridge\n </i>\n Magazine, July 1976, 21.\n </span>\n </li>\n </ol>\n </div>\n </div>\n <!-- \nNewPP limit report\nCached time: 20230521153551\nCache expiry: 86400\nDynamic content: false\nComplications: []\nCPU time usage: 0.023 seconds\nReal time usage: 0.030 seconds\nPreprocessor visited node count: 390/1000000\nPost‐expand include size: 4654/2097152 bytes\nTemplate argument size: 717/2097152 bytes\nHighest expansion depth: 5/40\nExpensive parser function count: 0/100\nUnstrip recursion depth: 0/20\nUnstrip post‐expand size: 3353/5000000 bytes\nExtLoops count: 0\n-->\n <!--\nTransclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template)\n100.00% 19.748 1 -total\n 14.82% 2.926 1 Template:Reflist\n 11.50% 2.271 1 Template:RGDatabox-Core\n 10.53% 2.079 1 Template:Databox-Books\n 6.83% 1.349 1 Template:AuthorByline\n 6.65% 1.313 1 Template:Published\n 6.52% 1.288 1 Template:FindAtIA\n-->\n <!-- Saved in parser cache with key encycmw:pcache:idhash:2307-0!canonical and timestamp 20230521153551 and revision id 29909\n -->\n </div>\n </div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"toplink\">\n <a href=\"#top\">\n <i class=\"icon-chevron-up\">\n </i>\n Top\n </a>\n</div>", "categories": [ "http://encyclopedia.densho.org/api/0.1/categories/Arts/?format=api" ], "sources": [ "http://encyclopedia.densho.org/api/0.1/sources/en-movedouters-1/?format=api" ], "coordinates": {}, "authors": [ "http://encyclopedia.densho.org/api/0.1/authors/Brian%20Niiya/?format=api" ], "ddr_topic_terms": [ "https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/facet/topics/topics-243/objects/" ], "prev_page": "http://encyclopedia.densho.org/api/0.1/articles/The%20Moon%20Bridge%20(book)/?format=api", "next_page": "http://encyclopedia.densho.org/api/0.1/articles/The%20Music%20Man%20of%20Manzanar%20(film)/?format=api" }